38 



BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



be found of importance in this connection. However, wild birds can 

 hardly play the part that domesticated birds can in carrying and 

 maintaining infection, and the turkey must be looked on as especially 

 dangerous in this connection. 



Distribution. — More or less cosmopolitan (North America, South 

 America, Africa, Europe, Asia (Formosa), and Australia). 



SYNGAMUS MICROSPICULUM Skrjabin, 1915a 



Host. — Phalacrocorax carbo. 



Location. — Trachea. 



Morphology. — Syngamus (p. 34) : Base of buccal capsule (fig. 

 405 ) armed with 3 small triangular teeth. 



Male 3.9 to 4 mm. long by 270 to 290//, wide, brown in color. Buccal 

 capsule 170/x deep by 220/* wide ; its basal teeth are 70/* long. Esoph- 

 agus 580,u long and is widened posteriorly. Spicules 150/* long, ac- 

 cording to Skrjabin (1915), or 115/* long, according to Skrjabin 



Fig. 40. 



-Syngamus microspiculum. a, Male and female; b, head end; c, male 

 bursa. After Skrjaben, 1910 



(1916). Dorsal ray (fig. 40c) divides, apparently half its length 

 from the base, and each branch bifurcates distally. The ventral rays 

 are close together and parallel. The laterals are close together and 

 parallel. There is a distinct separation between the bases of the 

 ventral group, the lateral group, and the externo-dorsal ray, and a 

 wider separation between the base of the externo-dorsal and the 

 dorsal ray, according to Skrjabin's figure. 



Female 11 mm. long by 420 to 500/*, attenuating to 250/* at the anus. 

 Tail pointed and curved, according to Skrjabin's figure. Buccal cap- 

 sule 250/* deep by 340/* wide. Esophagus 765/* long, widened pos- 

 teriorly. Vulva 4.45 mm. from head end. Eggs 75/* by 48/*, of char- 

 acteristic shape, flattened on one side. 



Life history. — Unknown; probably similar to that of 8. trachea 

 (p. 36). 



Distribution. — Asia (Russian Turkestan). 



