NEMATODE PAEASITES OF BIEDS 93 



the fourth, seventh, and ninth pairs are spherical and marginal. 

 Spicules straight and rod-shaped, 570/* long. 



Female 55 mm. long by 790/* wide. Esophagus length equal to 

 1/14 body length. Tail length equal to 1/40 of body length. Vulva 

 just anterior to equator of body, dividing it in the proportion of 

 16 : 17. Eggs thick-shelled, 78/*, long by 42/* wide. 



Life history. — Probably similar to that of A. gdlli (p. 82). 



Distribution. — Asia (Ceylon (Colombo)). 



ASCARIDIA LINEATA (Schneider, 1866) Railliet and Henry, 1912 



Synonyms. — Heterakis lineata Schneider, 1866; Ascaridia liamia 

 Lane, 1914. A. hamia is regarded as a synonym of A. lineata by 

 Boulenger. Existing figures of the male tail of these species indi- 

 cate that there is considerable variation within the limits of what 

 might be expected in one species, but the description below notes 

 the species to which certain points apply where nothing is known 

 to the writer as to the same points in the other species. 



Hosts. — Anas boscJias domestica, Bonasa umbellus, Gallus gallus 

 and " goose." 



Location. — Small intestine, and according to Boulenger, stomach. 



Morphology. — Ascaridia (p. 77) : Large, thick yellowish worms, 

 with 2 very prominent white lateral lines. Lane describes A. hamia 

 as having no lateral membranes but as having instead a rope-like 

 twist down the middle of the lateral lines. Head separated from 

 body by a slight neck (A. hamia). Head with 3 large, subequal 

 lips, the lips having only 2 dentigerous ridges (the second one being 

 very small) and thus distinguishing it from A. galli, according to 

 Schneider. Lane says A. hamia has 3 large lips, each consisting of 

 a central mass and 2 lateral flaps, and each lip bearing 2 papillae, 

 those on the dorsal lip being larger than the others; on the median 

 face each lip bears a sharp horizontal ridge; close to the head are 

 5 or 6 cervical or nuchal papillae on each side. 



Male 55 to 68 mm. long; A. hamia 70 mm. long by 900/u, wide. 

 Anal sucker 200 to 250//. in diameter, with! strong cutinous (chitinous) 

 wall with a papilliform interruption on its posterior rim. Tail 

 with narrow bursal membranes and 10 pairs of caudal papillae. 

 There are 3 pairs of preanal papillae located ventrally, one pair of 

 these anterior to the sucker, one pair opposite the sucker, and one 

 pair between the sucker and the cloacal aperture. The next pair 

 is lateral but seems to have a variable relationship ; it is figured for 

 A. hamia by Lane as preanal and for A. lineata by Travassos as 

 adanal, by Schneider as postanal, and by Boulenger (fig. 131) as 

 somewhat adanal and somewhat postanal. Close behind this pair 

 is a pair figured as ventral by Schneider and Boulenger and as 



