NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 97 



pairs of marginal papillae in relation with the bursal papillae fol- 

 low, the first pair of these opposite the last pair of the foregoing, 

 then 1 pair of papillae not in relation with the bursal membrane, 

 and finally 2 pairs in relation with the bursal membrane just anterior 

 of the terminal spur of the tail. The two spicules are equal, about 

 3 mm. long, slender, almost straight, and with slender alae. 



Female 30.6 to 50 mm. long by 1 to 1.28 mm. wide. The tail is 

 straight, conical and pointed, and bears 2 very small, symmetrical 

 papillae about two-thirds of the distance from the anus to the tip of 

 the tail. The vulva is a slightly salient transverse slit, posterior of 

 the middle of the body. The eggs are 98/x long by 53ju, wide, and 

 contain an embryo when oviposited. 



Life history. — Probably similar to that of A. galli (p. 82). 



Distribution. — Africa (Dahomey and on White Nile and 

 Transvaal). 



ASCARIDIA ORTHOCERCA (Stossich, 1902) Railliet and Henry, 1911 



/Synonym. — Heterakis orthocerca, Stossich, 1902. 



Host. — Rhea americana. 



Location. — Intestine. 



Morphology. — Ascaridia (p. 77) : Body 30 to 40 mm. long by 1 to 

 2 mm. wide; cylindrical, attenuated anteriorly. Cuticle transversely 

 striated. Mouth with 3 almost equal lips, the dorsal semicircular 

 with undivided pulp and with 2 conspicuous papillae. Caudal ex- 

 tremity ending in a small cylindrical prolongation. 



Male with caudal alae weakly developed (figs. 136 and 137). Pre- 

 anal sucker subelliptical, provided with cutinous (chitinous) ring 

 with a small papilla in its posterior rim. Twelve pairs of caudal 

 papillae, of which 5 are preanal, 6 are postanal and 1, which is 

 double, is adanal. Spicules very long, alate. 



Female with prominent vulva situated at % of the body length. 

 Eggs elliptical, with thick smooth shell. 



Life history. — Probably similar to that of A. galli (p. 82). 



Distribution. — Europe (Italy (Cagliari)) and South America 

 (Brazil). 



ASCARIDIA PTEROPHORA (Creplin, 1854) Railliet and Henry. 1914 



Synonyms. — Ascaris pterophora Creplin, 1854; Ascaris lati- 

 caudaMol'm, 1860; Heterakis laticauda (Molin, 1860) Stossich, 1887. 



Hosts. — Cariama cristata (Dicholophus marcgraf) and Micro- 

 dactylies cristatus. 



Location. — Intestine. 



Morphology. — Ascaridia (p. 77) : Mouth with 3 large lips. Lat- 

 eral membranes wide, semilanceolate. 



