104 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



more ventral and larger; a fourth pair, solitary, projecting into 

 alae; adanal group of 4 more or less lateral pairs, with long stalks, 

 and 2 small, sessile, ventral pairs, one of them anterior to and the 

 other posterior to the cloacal aperture. Of the 4 lateral pairs of the 

 adanal group, the most posterior is the stoutest and projects later- 

 ally; the next is directed more ventrally; the next is lateral; the 

 most anterior projects ventrally. There are 2 very slender and long- 

 stalked papillae on either side of the sucker. 



Female 7 mm. long by 300/a wide. Esophagus 1.5 to 1.6 mm. long. 

 Tail 1 to 1.02 mm. long, straight, and tapering to a slender point, 

 with a very minute pair of caudal papillae about midway. Vulva 

 (fig. 147) posterior to the middle of the body, about 3 mm. from the 

 tail end. Vagina extends forward, turns in a semicircle toward the 

 ventral body wall, then turns to the right and dorsally, doubling 

 back. Two opposed uteri. Ova relatively large, somewhat oblong, 

 with a thin shell, 70/* long by 40/i wide, usually slightly thickened 

 internally at one pole; as seen in utero one end of the shell is occa- 

 sionally drawn out almost to a point; eggs not segmenting when 

 deposited. 



Life history. — Unknown; probably somewhat similar to that of 

 Heterakis gallinae (p. 54). 



Distribution. — Asia (India). 



Subfamily Subulubinae Travassos, 1914 



Synonym. — Kathlaniinae Lane, 1914. 



Sub family diagnosis. — Heterakidae (p. 49) : Mouth with lips 

 inconspicuous or lacking, rarely with 3 lips, followed by a vestibule. 

 Esophageal bulb present. Preanal sucker of male fusiform and not 

 limited by a cutinous (chitinous) ring. Spicules equal or unequal, 

 one or both occasionally lacking or imperfectly chitinized. Guber- 

 naculum usually present, rarely lacking. Position of vulva variable, 

 may be in median or posterior part of body. 



Type-genus. — Subulura Molin, 1860. 



Genus SUBULURA Molin, 1860 



Syno-nyms. — Ascaris Linnaeus, 1758, part; Heterakis Dujardin, 

 1845, part; Oxyuris Rudolphi, 1803, part; AUodapa Diesing, 1861. 



Generic diagnosis. — Subulurinae (p. 104) : Head rarety with 3 lips, 

 usually with 6 conspicuous papillae. Mouth sometimes round, more 

 often oval or hexagonal with the large axis dorso-ventral, followed 

 by a buccal cavity (vestibule) at the base of which are often 3 teeth 

 at the entrance to esophagus. Esophagus club-shaped, followed by 



