NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 105 



a distinct bulb. Lateral membranes often present. Male with 

 caudal alae feebly developed or lacking. Spicules equal or unequal; 

 gubernaculum present. Preanal sucker fusiform, without cutinous 

 (chitinous) ring. Caudal papillae in 2 longitudinal rows, number- 

 ing as high as 11 pairs. Female with vulva usually in median region 

 of body. Eggs ellipsoidal, with thin shells, usually embryonated 

 when deposited. 



Parasitic in proventriculus and intestine (usually ceca) of birds, 

 intestine (usually large intestine) of mammals and intestine of rep- 

 tiles. 



Type-species. — Subulura acutissima Molin, 1860. 



KEY TO SPECIES OF SUBULUBA 



1. Only female known; tail short (320/0 : from Turnix, species. 



Subulura, species Baylis and Daubney, p. 132. 

 Male known; tail of female longer than above (443/* or longer except pos- 

 sibly in 8. forcipata where length not given and in S. papulosa where 

 female unknown) ; from other hosts than above 2. 



2. Only male known (10 to 12 mm. long with 11 pairs of caudal papillae and 



unequal spicules) ; from Corvus cajanus Subulura papillosa, p. 122. 



Both male and female known ; from other hosts than above 3. 



3. Spicules unequal 4. 



Spicules equal 12. 



4. Longer spicule 840/* in length ; 9 pairs of caudal papillae ; female 9.3 mm. 



long Subulura rima, p- 125. 



Longer spicule over 1 mm. in length; 10 or 11 pairs of caudal papillae; 

 female 10 mm. or longer 5. 



5. Lateral alae said to be absent ; 10 pairs of caudal papillae ; gubernaculum 



llO/i long Subulura subulata, p. 128. 



Lateral alae present (with possible exception of S. curvata, where not men- 

 tioned) ; 11 pairs of caudal papillae; gubernaculum, if described, 144/* 

 or longer 6. 



6. Long spicule 2.54 mm. in length ; lateral alae about 930/1 long. 



Subulura carlosi, p. 113. 



Long spicule not over 1.52 mm. in length; lateral alae 1.27 mm. or longer 



(possible exception S. curvata where not described) 7. 



7. Vulva of female slightly posterior to middle of body, dividing body length 



in ratio of 14: 13; tail of female 1.54 mm. long__ Subulura curvata, p. 114. 

 Vulva anterior to middle of body; tail of female not over 1.28 mm. long_ 8. 



8. Tail of female 443/* long Subulura lutzi, p. US- 

 Tail of female 1 mm. or longer 9. 



9. Lateral alae extend to middle of body in male. % of body length in 



female, thus for a length of at least 3 mm. ; cloacal aperture of male 



169/1 from posterior end Subulura allodapa, p. 108. 



Lateral alae extend only to anterior part of intestine, a length of not over 

 1.6 mm.; cloacal aperture of male 211/* or farther from posterior end_ 10. 

 10. Shorter spicule 850/* long; eggs 55a long by 45/* wide. 



Subulura seurati, p. 120. 



Shorter spicule 1 mm. or longer; eggs 76/* long by 50/t wide or 83/t long by 



49/* wide 11. 



