NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 111 



Female 13 to 21 mm. loiig by 643/* wide. Tail with appendage 

 140/i. long. Anus 1.1G mm. from posterior end. Vulva salient, ante- 

 rior to middle of body. Ovejector relatively long (899/*) ; vestibule 

 334/* long; sphincter small; trompe 541/* long. Two uteri divergent. 

 Eggs elliptical. 83/t long by 49/* wide. 



Life history-. — Unknown; probably similar to that of Ascaridia 

 galll (p. 82). 



Distribution. — South America (Brazil). 



SUBULURA DIFFERENS (Sonsino, 1890) Kailliet and Henry, 1912 



Synonym. — Heterakis different Sonsino, 1890. 



Hirsts. — Francolinus bkalcaratus, Gallvs (/alius, and Numida mele- 

 dyris. The present writer has identified this species from the red- 

 headed pheasant. Pternistes, species, the nematodes having been col- 

 lected by R. O. Wahl at Potchefstroom, Union of South Africa. 



Location. — Small intestine, in posterior portion. 



Morphology. — Subulura (p. 104) : Straight, yellowish-white worms. 

 Lateral membranes (fig. 148) well developed, extending from the head 

 end past the first fifth of the intestine. Mouth with very indistinct 

 lips. Mouth capsule with thick cutinous (chitinous) walls, enlarged 

 in its posterior portion where it has 3 very small teeth. The esoph- 

 agus thickens posteriorly and is followed by a distinct sub-spherical 

 intestinal bulb. 



Male 7 to 8.6 mm. long by 282/i wide. Cloacal aperture 1GG to 190/x 

 from tail end. The ellipsoidal caudal sucker is without a cutinous 

 (chitinous) wall; its posterior margin is about 500/<, from the tail end. 

 Ten pairs of caudal papillae (fig. 150), as follows: 3 large ventral 

 preanal pairs, 2 large lateral adanal pairs, 5 postanal pairs, 4 of them 

 ventral and 1 lateral. Spicules equal, strongly chitinized, a little 

 over 1 mm. long, their proximal ends infundibuliform and the distal 

 ends pointed. The gubernaculum is slightly curved and 100/x long. 



Female 11.3 to 19 mm. long by 335/* wide. Anus (fig. 1495) 631 

 to 770/* from tail end. Vulva (fig. 149a) situated in a slight cuticular 

 depression, slightly anterior to the middle of the body, dividing body 

 length in ratio of 19 : 25. Ovejector (fig. 149<?) very unusual. It is 

 anteriorly directed and its most striking character is a bulbous or 

 bladder-like swelling which can be seen through the body walls of the 

 toto mount, after it has been cleared. On dissection, there is found at 

 some distance anterior to this, a sphincter; between the sphincter and 

 the bladder-like formation is a sac-like passage which opens not into 

 the anterior end of the bulbous compartment, but laterally, at which 

 point there is a thickened circular hyaline area to support it. This 

 structure does not seem to have been previously described in this 

 r.f>12— 27 9 



