NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 



143 



G. communis, G. pavonina, Nycticorax nycticorax, Phoenicopterus 

 roseus. 



Location. — Intestine. 



Morphology. — Porrocaecum (p. 135) : Large lips (fig. 209) with 

 dentigerous ridges; length of lips 210/x, width at base 78/*, at level 

 of the 2 papillae 180/t. Interlabia large, ear-shaped, 2/3 the size of 

 the large lips. Esophagus 3.4 mm., ventriculus 400/x., intestinal 

 cecum 3 mm. long, in a 55 mm. long specimen. Lateral membranes 

 very wide in the anterior 3 mm. of their length; they extend the 

 entire length of the. body. 



Various lengths have been given for this species; 13 to 39 mm., 

 50 to 52 mm., and for the female 160 mm. long by 2 to 2.5 mm. wide. 

 A male collected bv Monnig measured 55 mm. long bv 1 mm. wide. 



Pics. 209-210. — I'okrocaecim sbupentulus. 209, Head. After Linstow, 

 1899. 210, Male tail. After Baylis and Daubney, 1922 



Male tail (figs. 208 and 210) with digitiform prolongation, on the 

 subdorsal and ventral surfaces of which are 2 pairs of papillae (a 

 total of 4 pairs) and a fifth pair is lateral; in addition 15 pairs of 

 preanal and 1 pair of double postanal papillae. Spicules 1.25 mm. 

 long in a moderately large specimen (Monnig describes them as 

 "apparently" 260/x long in his specimen), with wide alae. 



Female (see above for size). Eggs 104/a long by 78/i wide, the 

 outer surface reticulate. 



Life history. — Unknown. 



Distribution. — Europe, South America (Brazil), North America 

 and Africa (Transvaal). 



PORROCAECUM SPIRALE (Rudolphi, 1795) Baylis, 1920b 



Synonyms. — Ascaris spiralis Rudolphi, 1795; Fusaria spiralis 

 (Rudolphi, 1795) Zeder, 1803. 



3612—27 11 



