NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 



155 



Morphology. — Contraeaecum (p. 146) : Lips (fig. 220a) with ear- 

 like projections and with 2 papillae; dentigerous ridges absent. Ac- 

 cording to Drasche, intcrlabia about 2/3 the height of the lips, thick 

 and curved, their free ends being close to lips; Skrjabin states that 

 no interlabia are present. Cross-striations of cuticle give dentate 

 appearance to collar as seen at edge of body. 



Male 13 to 18 mm. long by COO to 900/* wide. Esophagus 3.23 mm. 

 long, its appendix small, dactyliform (fig. 225). Intestinal cecum 

 7/8 the length of esophagus. Tail (fig. 2206) 150/* long in 18 mm. 

 specimen, with 10 pairs of large conical postanal papillae, with 

 sometimes an additional asymmetrical papilla on one side. Preanal 

 papillae in two rows of 31 to 50 papillae each, the number being 

 not always the same in both rows. Spicules 1.27 mm. long, alate. 



Female 18 to 20.4 mm. long by 500/* to 1 mm. wide. Posteriorly 

 directed esophageal appendix 1/3 the length of the anteriorlv directed 



226 



Figs. 225-226. — Oontracakcum multipapillatcm. 225, Digestive organs ov male. 

 After Skrjabin, 191(5. 22G, «, Head; b, male tail. After Drasche, 1882 



intestinal cecum, the latter being 3/4 the length of the esophagus. 

 Tail pointed, anus 370/* from end. Vulva in posterior part of body, 

 dividing body length in ratio of 2:1. Eggs oval, 68/* long by 60/* 

 wide. 



Life history. — Unknown. 



Distribution. — South America (Brazil and Paraguay). 



CONTRACAECUM OVALE (Linstow, 1907) Baylie, 1920b 



Synonym. — Ascaris oralis Linstow, 1907. 



Host. — Podiceps cristatus. 



Location. — Proventriculus and intestine. 



Morpholoyy. — Contraeaecum (p. 146) : Cuticle with cross-striations. 

 Lips oval (fig. 227), wider than long, papillae projecting laterally. 

 Dentigerous ridges absent. Pulp in 2 anteriorly directed processes. 



