246 



BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Life history. — Unknown ; probably involves intermediate stages in 

 other hosts (see E. uncinata, p. 246). 



Distribution. — Asia (Russian Turkestan). 



There is nothing in the description, given up to this time, of E. 

 jugadornata and E. uncinata to differentiate the one from the other, 

 except the slight difference in the size of the male as shown in the 

 key, whereas the size of the females is the same, the character of 

 the head and cordons is identical, the hosts of the 2 species are closely 

 related, and both form nodules or tumors. Since there are several 

 points on which the 2 descriptions are not comparable, however, due 

 to scarcity of detailed statement in one or the other (such as caudal 



Fig. 308. — Echinuria jugadornata. a, Cordon. After Soloviev, 1912. b, Head 

 end; c, male tail. From Skrjabin, 1916, after Soloviev, 1912 



papillae, spicule lengths, position of vulva, etc.), and since Soloviev 

 would undoubtedly have made a study of E. uncinata before placing 

 it as he did in his new genus with E. jugadornata, the present writer 

 accepts E. jugadornata as a good species on Soloviev's authority in 

 default of evidence, but wishes to invite attention to this lack of 

 any adequate evidence on which to differentiate it from E. uncinata. 

 Since writing the above, the present writer has found specimens 

 agreeing with the description of E. uncinata and finds that the lengths 

 of the spicules of the male differ somewhat from those given for E. 

 jugadornata. 



ECHINURIA UNCINATA (Rudolphi. 1819) Soloviev, 1912 



Synonyms. — Spiroptera uncinata Rudolphi, 1819; Dispharagus 

 uncinatus (Rudolphi, 1819) Railliet, 1893; Acuaria (Hamannia) 

 uncinata (Rudolphi, 1819) Railliet, Henry, and Sisoff, 1912; 

 Hamannia uncinata (Rudolphi, 1819) Stiles and Hassall, 1920. 



Hosts. — Primary: Anas boschas domestica, A. penelope, A. 

 rubripes, Anser cinereus dom£sticus, Cygnus olor domesticus, Nettion 

 carolinense; secondary: Small crustaceans (Daphnia puUx). 



