NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 



247 



Location. — Esophagus, proventriculus, gizzard and small intestine, 

 in the mucosa, and reported once from air sacs, of primary host; in 

 body cavity of secondary host. 



Morphology. — Echinuria (p. 2-1-1) : Mouth with 2 lips and G 

 papillae. Anterior end (figs. 309 and 310a) not provided with a 

 vesicular swelling, but bearing 4 cutaneous cordons which anastomose 

 in pairs on the lateral surfaces. On each side of the body a double 

 longitudinal series of small spines extending posteriorly almost to 

 the end of the body and swinging anteriorly to the dorsal surface 

 between the cordons. Cordons inflected toward the latero-ventral 



Figs. 300-310. — Eciiinuria uncinata. 309, Head end; ventral 

 view. After Seurat, 1919. 310, u, Head end, dorsal view ; b, 

 cross section, and c, ventral view of male tail. after 

 Schneider, 1866. 



lines where they are joined a short distance beyond the excretory 

 pore, the change of course being especially noticeable in the latcro- 

 dorsal cordons which pass beneath the cervical papillae. Cervical 

 papillae quite far forward, at level of nerve ring, at the height of 

 the third spine of the external row. 



Male 9 to 10 mm. long. Tail (fig. 3105 and c) with straight caudal 

 alae, somewhat vesicular. Schneider states that there are -1 pairs 

 of preanal and 4 pairs of postanal papillae, but his figure indicates 

 that the first pair of postanal papillae are double, suggesting that 

 there are 5 pairs of postanal papillae; Linstow reports 5 pairs. The 

 preanal are arranged in 2 groups of 2 pairs each set close together. 

 The long spicule is slender and alate, with a cuplike widening at its 

 free end: the other spicule is short and thick. The present writer 

 3612—27—18 



