254 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



tera horrida (Rudolphi, 1809) Diesing, 1851; Filaria spinifera 

 Schneider, 1866; Filaria aculeata (Creplin, 1825) Linstow, 1876; 

 Dispharagus aculeatus (Creplin, 1825) Stossich, 1891; Echinuria 

 spinifera (Schneider, 1866) Soloviev, 1912. 



Hosts. — Primary : /Scolopax gallinula, Charadnus hiaticula, Tringa 

 variabilis, T. alpina; secondary: Unknown. 



Location. — Proventricnlus. 



Morphology.— Echinuria (p. 244) : Mouth with 2 lips, dorso- ven- 

 tral, according to Stossich, but probably lateral. From these there 

 originate on each side an arc formed of a row of spines (this does 

 not agree with Stossich's figure (fig. 317) ) and followed on each side 

 by a longitudinal row of strongly developed spines, inclined poste- 

 riorly, which diminish toward the tail and disappear just anterior to 

 its extremity, according to Stossich. According to Schneider (fig. 

 316), the cordons are conspicuous; directly under the curve where 

 they unite the body is surrounded by a cuticular fold, and 2 double 

 rows of spines originate at this point and extend to the caudal ex- 

 tremity, the 2 rows on each side starting together and then spreading 

 out in a bow. 



Male 3.4 mm. long. Tail coiled in 3 or 4 spiral turns. Caudal 

 alae very slender. Four pairs of preanal and 4 pairs of postanal 

 pedunculated papillae. Large spicule arcuate, enlarged at its base 

 and hooked at the end ; small spicule bifurcate. 



Female 4.02 to 11.25 mm. long. Tail slender, almost straight, 

 somewhat obtuse at the extremity. Anus close to end of tail. Vulva 

 very close to anus. Eggs 42/x by 23/a elliptical and thick-shelled. 



Life history. — Unknown ; probably involves intermediate stages in 

 other host (see E. uncinata, p. 246). 



Distribution. — Europe (Germany (Greifswald) ). 



Schneider (1866) renamed this species, but gave no reasons for 

 doing so. Soloviev (1912) accepts the specific name spinifera 

 Schneider, but credits it to Rudolphi. 



ECHINURIA LEPTOPTILI Gedoelst, 1916 



Synonym. — Acuaiia {Echinuria) leptoptili (Gedoelst, 1916) Bay- 

 lis and Daubney, 1923, not of Baylis and Daubney, 1922 (see E. 

 hargilae, p 253). 



Hosts. — Primary : Leptoptilus crumenifer; secondary : Unknown. 



Location. — Stomach (Gizzard) . 



Morphology. — Echinuria (p. 244) : Cuticula transversely striated. 

 Mouth with 2 lateral lips ending in a blunt point, each provided 

 with 2 lateral, symmetrical, pedunculated papillae. Cordons (fig. 

 318a) anastomosing; they are made up of small simple bands with 

 margins scalloped, or, according to Gendre. denticulate as in E. 

 squa??iata, projecting 16^ from the cuticula. Cervical papillae coni- 



