NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 259 



shaped, originating at the angles of insertion of the buccal lips and 

 extending on the lateral surfaces as 2 epaulets. Two lateral alae 

 sometimes present, originating slightly posterior to the cordons 

 (epaulets). Precervical papillae set in the alae when alae are 

 present. Excretory pore ventral, posterior to nerve ring. .Mouth 

 with 2 upright lateral lips, each with a pair of large sessile papillae 

 near their angles of insertion. Buccal cavity or pharynx tubular, 

 slightly widened anteriorly. Esophagus clearly differentiated into 

 an anterior, transparent, muscular portion, surrounded anteriorly 

 by the nerve ring, and a posterior, opaque, glandular portion. Vulva 

 with projecting lips a short distance anterior to middle of body. 

 Ovejector cylindrical, directed anteriorly ; uteri and ovaries opposed. 

 Male unknown. Parasitic in esophagus (and gizzard?) of Chara- 

 driides, Longipennes, and Pygopodes. 



Type species. — Rusguniella elongata (Rudolphi, 1819) Seurat, 

 1919a. 



KEY TO SPECIES OF RUSGUNIELLA 



1. Females 4 to 6 mm. long; female tail 1/34 of total body length; no lateral 



alae described or figured Rusguniella vanelli, p. 260 



Females 24 to 40 mm. long; female tail 1/102 of total body length; lateral 



alae present Rusguniella elongata, p. 259 



RUSGUNIELLA ELONGATA (Rudolphi, 1819) Seurat, 1919a 



Synonyms. — Spiroptera elongata Rudolphi, 1819; Dispharagus 

 species Wedl, 1856; Dispharagus elongatus (Rudolphi, 1819) Molin, 

 1860; Filaria elongata (Rudolphi, 1819) Schneider, 1866; Acuaria 

 elongata (Rudolphi, 1819) Railliet, Henry, and Sisoff, 1912. 



Host*. — Primary: ILydrochelidon nigra, Sterna nigra, Podlceps 

 nigricollis, European gull ; secondary : Unknown. 



Location. — Under corneous tunic of gizzard. 



Morphology. — Rusguniella (p. 258) : Characters of the genus. 



Male unknown. 



Female 24 to 40 mm. long; slender. Cuticula thick, finely striated 

 transversely. Lateral alae (fig. 322 a and b) originate immediately 

 posterior to cordons (epaulets). Lateral or precervical papillae 

 asymmetrical; in a specimen 28.2 mm. long by 312/x wide the left 

 papilla 182/*, the right 192/t, from head end; the origin of lateral alae 

 105/a, excretory pore 456/*, the vulva 13 mm. from head end. Buccal 

 cavity or pharynx 135/* long, anterior esophagus 865/* long, posterior 

 esophagus 3.1 mm. long, tail 275/* long. Vulva with slightly salient 

 lips. Cuticular ovejector tubular, 450/x long, directed anteriorly. 

 Eggs oval, 38/i by 24/*, thick-shelled, embryonated when oviposited. 



Life history. — Unknown ; probably involves intermediate stages in 

 other hosts. 



Distribution. — Europe (Vienna Museum) ami Africa (Algeria). 



