NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 



341 



Life history. — Probably similar in a general way to that of T. 

 ftssispina (p. 343). 



Distribution. — South America (Brazil). 



TETRAMERES CONFUSA Travassos. 1919b 



Synonyms. — Tetrameres fissispina Diesing, 1861 of Travassos, 

 1911a; Tetrameres travassosi Skrjabin, 1920. 



Hosts. — Primary : Columbia livia domestica y Gallus gallus and 

 Meleagris gallopavo; secondary : Unknown, probably similar in a 

 general way to that of T. fissispina (p. 343). 



Location. — Glandular stomach or proventriculus. 



Morphology. — Tetrameres (p. 334). 



Male 4 to 5 mm. long by 160/u. wide. Body filiform, with 4 rows 

 of spines corresponding to the median and lateral lines; spines di- 



FiG. 405. 



-TETRAMERES CONFUSA. C, FEMALE; b, MALE TAIL. AFTER TRAVAS- 

 SOS, 1010 



rected posteriorly and about 100/u apart in middle portion of body 

 and 2G> in posterior portion. Tail ends in a hook about 4/u, long. 

 Buccal capsule cylindrical, 24/x long by 80/u wide; pharynx 250/u. long 

 by 12/x wide; esophagus 740/z long by 55/* wide. Cloacal aperture 

 70^ from end of tail (fig. 405 b). Short spicule 68/x long and long 

 spicule 291/n long. Behind the cloaca there are 2 rows of 5 spines 

 each on the ventral surface and lateral of these are 2 rows of 3 

 spines each, extending posterior of the ventral spines. 



Female 3 to 5 mm. long by 2 to 3 mm. wide. Body subglobular 

 (fig. 405a), with deep transverse striations and with 4 furrows 

 corresponding to the median and lateral lines. The head and tail 

 ends project as slender conical prolongations, the anterior 1 mm. 

 long, the posterior 900/u, long. Buccal capsule 20/u. long by 14/x wide; 

 pharynx 400/* long by 30/* wide; esophagus sinuous, 2 mm. long by 

 180/x wide; intestine dilated to form a large sac, filled with black 

 detritus. Anus 250/x from posterior extremity. Vulva in posterior 



