NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 



347 



TETRAMERES GYNAECOPHILA (Molin, 1858, emend. Diesing, 1861) Travassos, 1914d 



Synonyms. — Tropidocerca gynecophila Molin, 1858; Tropidocerca 

 gynaecophila Diesing, 1861. 



Hosts. — Primary : Ardea nycticorax and Nycticorax nycticorax ; 

 secondary: Unknown; probably similar in a general way to that of 

 T. fissispina (p. 343). 



Location. — Proventriculus. 



Morphology. — Tetrameres (p. 334). 



Male 6.4 mm. (Seurat) or 10 mm. long (Molin) by 600/* wide. 

 Body without spines; curved in a circle. Cervical papillae situated 

 far in front of the nerve ring, 122 and 133/* respectively from the 

 anterior extremity of the body. Excretory pore posterior to nerve 

 ring, in median ventral line, 280/* from anterior extremity. Buccal 

 capsule 21/* long, conical. Pharynx 265/* long. Nerve ring situated 

 posterior to middle of pharynx. Esophagus 1 mm. long. Intestine 

 maroon-colored, forming a cul-de-sac in its posterior portion. Rec- 



Fig. 411. — Tetrameres gynaecophila. a, Head op female; b, tail op male. 



After Seurat., 1915 



turn 50/* long. Cloaca 120/* from posterior extremity; tail conical, 

 terminating in a small round button. Caudal papillae arranged as 

 follows: Two pair postanal on short peduncles; 1 pair at level of 

 anus ; 7 sessile preanal at the right, 6 at the left, disposed as shown 

 in figure 4116. No spicule present. 



Female 8 mm. long by 7 mm. wide (Seurat) or 13 mm. long and 

 wide (Linstow). Body scarlet-colored, globular, with 4 longitudinal 

 furrows corresponding to the lateral and median lines. Anterior 

 and caudal extremities pointed. Cervical papillae situated far in 

 front of nerve ring, 85/* from the anterior extremity. Buccal (fig. 

 411a) capsule 28/* long, conical, narrow at entrance, widened behind. 

 Pharynx 312/*, encircled by nerve ring directly in front of its mid- 

 dle. Esophagus 2.34 mm. long. Intestine black-colored; rectum 

 short (180/*). Anus 140/* from posterior extremity. Tail sharply 

 narrowed behind anus, digitiform, ending in a blunt point. Vulva 

 in neighborhood of anus. Ovejeetor Y-shape<l : vestibule and sphinc 

 ter joined to form cylindrical tube 1.26 mm. long, with thick Avails: 



