NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 



369 



tained and the life history still lacking experimental continuation. 

 The larvae are relatively large, 28 to 70 mm. long by 264 to 539/u 

 wide, rose-red or brown-red in color. On each side of the body 

 near the anterior end is a row of small lateral papillae. The month 

 aperture has the form of a cleft and has about it 3 small pointed 

 papillae on each side and beyond these 3 large papillae on each 

 side. The larvae have tails of 2 types, one enlarged near the end 

 and regarded as that of the male, and the other rounded off without 

 enlargement and regarded as that of the female. See also E. ignotus, 

 p. 371. 



Distribution. — Europe. 



plg. 428. eusteongylides laevae. species not determined. (1 , front view of 



iiead ; b, anterior end; c, outline of male tail,; (t, outline op female tail. 

 After Ciubea, 1924 



EUSTRONGYLIDES AFRICANUS Jaegcrskiold, 1909 



Hosts. — Primary: Anhinga rufa, Ardea) goluith, Leptoptilus cru- 

 menifer, Pelecanus rufescen^, Platalea leucorodia; secondary: Un- 

 known, probably fish; see E. tubifea;, p. 367, and E. ignotus, p. 371. 



Location. — Proventriculus. 



Morphology. — Eustrong glides (p. 367) : Body almost equally thick 

 throughout, without noticeable swelling in the middle region. Head 

 (tig. 429«) with 12 papillae in 2 circles of 6 each, those of the inner 

 circle are somewhat taller but otherwise not as large as those of 

 the outer. The papillae of the inner circle are 56/*. long by 40 to 

 56/7. wide; those of the outer circle 48^ long and 72 to 96/x wide. 

 Cuticle with coarse transverse striatums. Mouth cavity distinct 

 though not large, of triangular cross-section; its length is 80 to lOOp. 



Male specimen imperfect. 



Female 90 to 166 mm. long; maximum width 1.5 to 2.5 mm., width 

 at anterior end of body 430 to 575/1, at tail end (fig. 429 b). Esopha- 

 gus about 16.5 to 18 mm. long. Nerve ring 160/* from anterior end. 

 Eggs (fig. 429 c to e) 70 to 76/x long by 36 to 42/t wide. 



Life history. — Unknown ; see E. tubifecc, p. 367. 



hixtHbution— Africa (Sudan) and Asia (Russian Turkestan (lac 

 Kul-Kainar) ). 



