NEMATODE PABASITES OF BIRDS 



375 



bursal cup) 270 to 290jt. Esophagus 10.4 mm. long. Bursal cup 

 (fig. 436c) 290 to 340/u long by 320 to 350/x wide; it is compressed so 

 that the shape is almost spherical, and has on the ventral side 2 dis- 

 tinct rounded indentations between which is a wide tongue-like pro- 

 jection. 



Female 17 mm. long; maximum width 1.2 to 1.5 mm., width at 

 head end 300/*, at tail end (fig. 436 d) 250/x. Esophagus about 13.6 

 mm. long. Eggs 53 to Olju. long by 31 to 33ju. wide, the poles very 

 wide, the shells thin, with closely-set pittings (fig. 436 e and f). 



Life history. — Unknown; see E. tubifex, p. 367. 



Distribution: — South America (Brazil). 



435. 



Figs. 435-436. — 435, Eustrongylides papillosus. Male tail. Afteu 

 jaegerskiold, 1909. 436, eustrongylides perpapillatus. (i, front 

 view and b, lateral view op head ; c, male tail - , d, female tail; 

 e and f, eggs. After Jaegerskiold, 1909 



Genus HYSTRICHIS Dujardin, 1845 



Generic diagnosis. — Dioctophymoidea (p. 366) : Body usually 

 equally thick throughout but may at times be much swollen in middle 

 part. Head with a circle of 6 relatively small papillae, 2 of which are 

 lateral, 4 submedian. Head more or less swollen. Cuticle of ante- 

 rior and posterior parts of body with coarse cross-striations. Head, 

 usually the anterior part of body and sometimes the whole body 

 covered with spines, the head usually being more thickly covered 

 and its spines sometimes of different shape than those of other 

 parts. Esophagus long, without bulb. Male with a bursal cup more 

 or less bell-shaped. One very long spicule. Female with anus in 

 middle of rounded posterior end; vulva with same situation as that 

 of anus or in its vicinity. 



Parasitic usually in the glands of proventriculus of birds, chiefly 

 water birds but those which do not, or at least not exclusively, live 

 on fish. 



Type-species. — Hystrichis tricolor Dujardin, 1845. 

 3(512—27 26 



