NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 385 



206/* to 210// long, dividing into three branches distally. General 

 shape of bursa similar to that of E. uncinatum, with two large 

 lateral lobes and a small dorsal lobe; the dorsal ray, however, is 

 pictured as dividing only into two branches, not four as in other 

 species. Bursa strongly striated, a character described for E. orl- 

 spinum also. Female 15 to 17 mm. long by 270//, to 290//, wide. 

 Esophagus 1.29 mm. long. Anus 156// to 175/i, vulva 3.32 mm., from 

 posterior end of body. Eggs 101/* to 105/t long by 58// to 62/x wide. 

 The measurements given above for this species correspond very 

 closely to those of E. orispinum (p. 28), of which species Pet row 

 makes no mention; the hosts of the two species are identical also. 

 However, the present writer has not translated all of the Russian 

 text, and since there are differences in the characters of the heads 

 of the two species (see key, p. 27) and differences in the distal ter- 

 mination of the dorsal ray, the two species must be left distinct for 

 the present. 



TETRAMERES (TETRAMERES) ZAKKAROWI Pctrow, 1926 



This species Petrow 17 also describes from Anser albifrons; Don 

 district, Russia. The present writer has translated the Russian text 

 only to the extent of securing the following brief description : Male 

 onty, 9.47 mm. long by 170//. wide. Body armed with posteriorly 

 directed spines throughout its whole length ; additional caudal spines 

 present. Spicules slender and very unequal, the one 1.02 mm. long, 

 the other 195// long. 



Chandler 1S has described four new species of Heterakis, two new 

 species of Pseudaspidodera* and a new subulurid. 



HETERAKIS HASTATA Chandler, 1926 



Chandler 19 reports this species from cecum and large intestine of 

 Lophura rufti; Zoological Gardens, Calcutta, India. 



Morphology. — IJeterakis (p. 50) : Large stout worms. Esophagus 

 1/7, or a little less, of body length. Lateral alae well developed, in 

 female 80// wide, in male a little less; they extend about 2/3 the 

 length of the body. Lips prominent, papillae smaller than in H. 

 lanei. Mcde 10.5 to 11.5 mm. long by 375/x wide. Esophagus 1.5 

 mm. long by 80// wide (narrow part) ; bulb 385// long by 240// wide. 

 Tail 550/x long; ventral surface roughened with numerous small 

 granulations, which obscure the papillae. Papillae said to be of 

 typical number and arrangement, the second lateral paracloacal 

 being the largest. Sucker, 150// anterior to cloacal aperture, large, 



17 1926 : Trudy gossudarstvennogo instituta experimentalnoi veterinarii ; Moskow, vol. 

 3 (1), p. 108, 2 figs. 



18 Indian J. M. Res., Calcutta, vol. 13 (3), pp. 617-624. 

 18 1926 : Idem, p. 619, fig. 3. 



