faillilv 2. SCOLOPACIDAE. 



Sandpipers, 



They are mud 



probers, hence they 



To this family belong the majority of our Shore Birds 

 long bills which are soft and sensitive at the end. Most of them are found in wet or damp places, 

 of them migrate in flocks, the flock flying as one bird. 

 I. Bill over 2 inches long. 



955 



have 

 Many 



II. Bi 

 A. 

 B. 



A. Bill over s inches long. 



B. Bill under 4.5. 



1. Bill curved downward. 



2. Bill straight or curved upward. 



a. Bill over 3.0O- 



b. Bill under 3.00. 



(i). Bill widened and pitted at the tip. 

 (a'). Duller, bill averaging 2.30. 

 (b). Brighter, bill averaging 2.80. 

 (2). Bill not widened at the tip. 

 (a). Wing over 7.50. 

 (a"). Axillars barred, 

 (bi). Axillars not barred. 

 (b). Wing under 6.00. 

 under 2 inches long. 

 Toes 3. 

 Toes 4. 

 Tail feathers pointed. 

 Tail feathers not pointed. 



a. Tail barred, 

 (i). Wing under 4.50. 

 (2). Wing over 5.00. 



(a). Wing over 6.00. 



(aO. Tail feathers showing much white. 

 (bO. Tail feathers without white, 

 (b). \\'ing under 5.50. 



(a.'). Upperparts not spotted. 

 Cb')- Upperparts spotted. 



(a^). Upperparts spotted with white, 

 (b-). Upperparts spotted with buffy. 



b. Tail not barred, 

 (l). Bill over f.io. 



(a). Wing over 6.50. 

 (a'). Rump white. 

 (bO. Rump not white, 

 (b). Wing under 5.75. 

 (a')- Tarsus ever 1.50. 

 (bO- Tarsus under 1.50 . 



(a^). Belly with a black patch. 

 (b=). Belly without black. 

 (2). Bill under i.oo. 

 (a). Wing over 4.50. 

 (b). Wing under 4.00. 



(aO. Toes not at all webbed. 

 (bM. Toes partly webbed, 

 (a-). Bill about i inch long, 

 (b-). Bill distinctly less than I inch long. 



277. Long=billed Curlew. 



278. liudsonian Curlew. 



268. Marbled Godwit. 



H. 39. Dowltcher. 



258. Long=billed Dowitcher. 



269. Greater YeIlow=legs. 

 272. Western Willet. 

 257. Wilson's Snipe. 



267. Sanderling. 



260. Sharp. tailed Sandpiper. 



276. Spotted Sandpiper. 



270. 



27-t- 



Lesser Yellow=legs. 

 Bartramian Sandpiper. 



275. Buff=breasted Sandpiper. 



B. C.&H. 19. Solitary Sandpiper. 

 271. Western Solitary Sandpiper. 



259. Knot. 



273. Wandering Tattler. 



B. C.&H. 18. Stilt Sandpiper. 



264. Red=backed Sandpiper. 



261. Pectoral Sandpiper. 



262. Baird's Sandpiper. 



263. Least Sandpiper. 



266. Western Sandpiper. 



265. Semipalmated Sandpiper. 



Fatnily 3. Rnci'RViROSTRiD.sK. Stilts and Avocets. 



The long and extremely slender legs, and the long, slender, and di-itinctly upward curved bill suf- 

 ficiently characterize this family. 



279. American Avocet. 

 H. 40. Blacknecked Stilt. 



Head and neck rnfons or whitish. 

 Head and neck lilack or brown. 



Fa III a Y 4. ApHRTZiD-\K. Turnstones. 



The Turnstones are so called because of their habit of overturning small flat stones in search of 

 insects and crustaceans which hide beneath. They are stout billed and stout bodied birds which frequent 

 water margins. 



I. Tail emarginate. 280. Surf Bird. 



II. Tail slightly rounded. 281. Ruddy Turnstone. 



III. Anterior half of the bird black or dark brown. 282. Black Turnstone. 



