PART 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 141 



meter line extends in an arc which follows the land from the Skav0skallen outside of 

 Skav0en northward and westward past Kariskjaer to the channel which cuts into the 

 western arm of the Ulvesund between Saetenaes and Mold0en. This descent is most 

 abrupt at Kariskjaer and Skav0skaUen, but nowhere is it as abrupt as at Slaaken. 

 The formations remind one more of those at Matrog; there as here a steep descent 

 alternates with smaller terraces covered with sand and gravel. Outside of Skav0- 

 skallen in a depth of from 183 to 219 meters on a mud bottom there is, on the bottom 

 as well as on the declivities, a very rich and diversified fauna, which includes this form. 



Inside of Skav0en lies Skav0pollen, the harbor of which place is much used as a 

 refuge for small vessels. The inner part of the "pollen" near the estates Nygaard 

 and Skav0pol is from 4 to 7 meters deep with a mud bottom. In the outer part the 

 depth descends to 55 meters and the bottom consists of gravel or clay mixed with 

 stones and dead shells. Here and there at the mouth of the "pollen" are also found 

 patches of shell sand. Along the shore there is a very rich flora of Zostera marina 

 and algae, and the fauna recalls that of Degnepollen, though it is much richer, which 

 is probably due to the fact that the two entrances to Skav0pollen, one from the west 

 and one from the south, give a more lively interchange of waters here. 



On the southern side of Vaagsfjord only the plateau which extends eastward 

 from Ramseviknaesset past Gaasholmen is of particular interest, in addition to the 

 steep declivities at Slaaken and Stegene. At Ramsevik is located the outer edge of 

 the plateau — Ramsevikskallen — about 550 meters from shore. But the further it 

 extends the nearer it approaches the land. Thus at Gaasholmen the descent toward 

 the depths of the fjord is found at a distance of about 90 meters. The summit of the 

 plateau, which lies at a depth of from IS to 55 meters, is covered with shell sand with 

 its characteristic fauna. The animal hfe, particularly on the slopes and toward the 

 inner part of the fjord is, generally speaking, rich and diversified. 



In the Sognefjord, according to Grieg (1912), this animal occurs only at the en- 

 trance, not penetrating into the inner waters. 



About Bergen it is less common than Hathrometra sarsi (M. Sars, 1861). 



At Moster (Grieg, 1889) it is found on both sides of the fjord, but apparently 

 it only occurs indi^^dually except at Hestholmen in from 55 to 90 meters where it 

 was present in numbers. 



In the Hardanger fjord in 1905 (Grieg, 191.3) this species was only found singly 

 and in a very few localities ; but in subsequent years, especially in 1908, 1909, and 1912, 

 it was very numerous, most so at Straumastein and Jonanes. It seems here to be 

 chiefly an inhabitant of the Laminaria zone. Individuals were often secured attached 

 to the stalks of Laminaria saccharina, though it could also be taken at depths of about 

 200 meters. 



It is common in Jondalsbugt, leading out of the Hardangerfjord. Toward the 

 north Jondalsbugt is bounded by steep land between Jonanes, Kirken and Urevik. 

 From the deep water of the Hardangerfjord a deep channel cuts in along this part of the 

 coast to Urevik, where close to the shore depths of from 100 to 200 meters are found. 

 The lands falls away steeply toward the channel, and only here and there is the abrupt 

 fall broken by small terraces. The sides of the clifl's and terraces support a rich and 

 very varied fauna, and at one haul of the dredge half a score of this species can be secured. 



According to Professor Sven Lov^n (1840, 1842) it is abundant in certain localities 

 on the western coast of Sweden; Ivristineberg is one of these. 



