496 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 1 



p. 10 (represents in the West Indies the East Indian Psathyromelra) ; Notes Leyden Mus., vol. 34, 

 1912, p. 151 (centrodorsal and pinnules compared with those of Atopocrinus sibogae) ; Crinoids of 

 the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 9 (does not occur in the area of maximum intensity of the East Indian 

 fauna), p. 10 (occurs in the Hawaiian Is.; absent from Japan), p. 14 (corresponds to the East 

 Indian Psathyrometra) , p. 62 (in key), p. 234 (original reference; type species); Internat. Rev. 

 gcsarat. Hydrobiol., und Hydrogr., vol. 16, 1914, pp. 5 and following (occurs in both Atlantic and 

 Indo- Pacific; in the Pacific represented by Zenometra and Eumorphomelra; range); Die Crinolden 

 der Antarktis, 1915, p. 114 (in key to the genera of Zenometrinae), p. 182 (range; represented in 

 the Indo-Pacific by Zenometra and Eumorpkonietra); Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 7, 1917, 

 No. 16, p. 510 (in key; range); Unstalked crinoids of the Siboga-Expcd., 1918, p. 222 (in key; 

 range), p. 231; Univ. Iowa Studies in Nat. Hist., vol. 9, No. 5, 1921, p. 12 (confined to the West 

 Indies), p. 16 (in key); The Danish I ngolf -Expcd., vol. 4, No. 5, Crinoidea, 1923, p. 42 (range), 

 p. 52 (in key). — Gisl^n, Zool. Bidrag Uppsala, vol. 9, 1924, p. 117. — Ekman, Zoogeographica, 

 vol. 2, No. 3, 1934, pp. 328, 343 (zoogoographic significance); Tiergeographie des Meeres, 1935, 

 p. 67.— A. 11. Clark, Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat., vol. 14, No. 2, 1940, p. 139.— Gisl6n, Lunds 

 Univ. Arsskr., new ser., Avd. 2, vol. 40, No. 8, 1944, p. 54, footnote 1. — Hyman, The invertebrates, 

 vol. 4, Echinodermata, 1955, p. 37, fig. 14E. 



Diagnosis. — A genus of Zenometrinae in which the large centrodorsal is columnar, 

 broadly truncated conical, or conical with the radial areas delimited by prominent 

 rounded ridges; the cirrus sockets are arranged in contiguous pairs of columns in each 

 radial area; the cirri are long and stout with numerous (about 50) segments, of which 

 the longest proximal are about 4 times as long as broad and the last 20 are broader 

 than long; the elements of the IBr series and the lower brachials are in close lateral 

 contact and laterally flattened, and have conspicuously spiny borders; and all of the 

 pinnules are present. 



Type species. — Antedon columnaris P. H. Carpenter, 1881. 



Geographical range.— Ftoux St. Lucia, Lesser Antilles, northward to the coast of 

 Georgia and the eastern portion of the Gulf of Mexico. 



Bathymetrical range. — From 308 to 804 meters. 



Thermal range.— Yiom. 5.83° C. to 12.11° C. 



ZENOMETRA COLUMNARIS (P. H. Carpenter) 



[See vol. 1, pt. 1, figs. 215-216 (p. 241), 217 (p. 243), 378 (p. 301), pi. 5, fig. 558; pt. 2, figs. 93-94 



(p. 62), 754 (p. 349), 800 (p. 378)] 



Antedon columnaris P. H. Carpenter, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 9, No. 4, 1881, p. 152 {Blake sta. 

 222), p. 169 (centrodorsal; basals); pi. 1, fig. 8; Challenger Reports, Zool., vol. 26, pt. 60, 1888, 

 pp. 207, 377. — Hamann, Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs, vol. 2, Abt. 3, 1907 

 p. 1579 (listed).— Hartlaub, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 27, No. 4, 1912, p. 280 (in Blake 

 collection), pp. 400-409 (synonymy; history; Blake sta. 222 [specimen lost]; Albatross sta. 2663; 

 detailed description of the latter; discussion), pi. 8, fig. 13, pi. 10, figs. 6-14, pi. 15, figs. 8, 9. 



Zenometra columnaris A. H. Clark, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 50, pt. 3, 1907, p. 354 (listed); 

 Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 34, 1908, p. 221 (compared with Z. [Saramelra] triserialis) , p. 237 (with 

 Z. pyramidalis); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 52, pt. 2, 1908, p. 233 (West Indian species) 

 Unstalked crinoids of the Stdoffa-Exped., 1918, p. 231 (references?) ; The Danish //iffo/Z-Exped., 

 vol. 4, No. 5, Crinoidea, 1923, p. 42 (range); Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat., vol. 14, No. 2, 1940, 

 pp. 139, 140, p. 142 (in key), p. 144 (references); Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., vol. 55, 1954, p. 374 

 (listed). 



Zenometra pyramidalis A. H. Clark, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 34, 1908, p. 221 (compared with 

 Z. triserialis), p. 237 (description; Albatross sta. 2415); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 52, pt. 2, 

 1908, p. 233 (West Indian species).— Hartlaub, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 27, No. 4, 1912, 

 p. 409. — A. H. Clark, Unstalked crinoids of the Szfcoffa-Exped., 1918, p. 231 { = Z. columnaris). 



