PART 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 811 



Family ATELECRINIDAE 



Atelecriuidae Bather, Rep. British Assoc, for 1898, 1899, p. 923 (listed among families of the Grade 

 Pinnata of Order 2, Flexibilia of Sub-Class Dicjclica) ; in Laukester, A treatise on zoolog}', pt. 3, 

 Echinoderma, 1900, p. 195 (diagnosis; includes only AlelecHnus) . — A. II. Clark, Smithsonian 

 Misc. Coll., vol. 50, pt. 3, 1907, p. 344 (includes Alelecrinus; part of Comatulidae as understood 

 by P. II. Carpenter) ; Proc. U.S. Xat. Mus., vol. 34, 1908, p. 210 (in key; includes only Alelecrinus; 

 range), p. 211 (represented in Hawaiian Is.), p. 212 (range); vol. 35, 1908, p. 119 (arm structure), 

 p. 126 (arm structure compared with that of Isocrinus naresianus') ; fig. 18; vol. 36, 1909, p. 362 

 (pinnulation compared with that of Comalilia); Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 22, 1909, 

 p. 175 (referred to Comatulida Macrophreata) ; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 40, 1911, p. 649 (Ma- 

 crophreata); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 6 (distribution of included genera and spe- 

 cies), p. 8 (bathy metrical distribution), p. 9 (absent from Australia), p. 14 (characteristic of the 

 Intermediate fauna), p. 27 (details of distribution; 552-809 fms. in the East Indian Region), pp. 

 44, 48 (in keys), p. 63 (includes only Alelecrinus) , p. 251; Notes Leyden Mus., vol. 34, 1912, p. 150 

 {Alopocrinus, gen. nov.). — Springer and Clark, in Zittel-Eastman's Paleontology, 1913, p. 236 

 (assigned to Macrophreata). — A. H. Clark, Bull. Inst. Oc6anogr. Monaco, No. 294, 1914, 

 pp. 7, 8 (temperature relations); Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 4, No. 19, 1914, pp. 559-563 

 (correlation of geographical and bathymetrical ranges); No. 20, p. 582 (relation to temperature 

 of habitat); Internat. Rev. gesamt. Hydrobiol. und Ilydrogr., vol. 6, 1914, pp. 6 and following 

 (occurs in both Atlantic and Indo-Pacific regions); Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 5, No. 4, 

 1915, pp. 126-134 (bathymetrical range; phylogenetic and paleontological significance); Die 

 Crinolden der Antarktis, 1915, p. 192 (species are characteristic of the Intermediate fauna); 

 Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 40, 1915, p. 68 (discussion of depth range); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., 

 vol. 65, Xo. 10, 1915, pp. 9 and following (phylogenetic study); Unstalked crinoids of the Siboga- 

 Exped., 1918, p. viii (1 specimen collected by the Albatross in the East Indies), p. 262 (key to 

 the included genera); Univ. Iowa Studies in Nat. Hist., vol. 9, No. 5, 1921, p. 12 (represented in 

 West Indies); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 72, No. 7, 1921, p. 2; The Danish /ngo//-Exped., vol. 

 4, No. 5, 1923, p. 44 (.\tlantic species), p. 48 (in key). — Gisl£n, Zool. Bidrag Uppsala, vol. 9, 

 1924, pp. 35, 83, 85, 91 (articulations of the brachials), p. 101, p. 166 (relations with fossil Jaekelo- 

 metra), p. 213 (short intersyzygial interval), p. 223 (proximal pinnule gap in adults), pp. 231, 

 232, 239 (relations). — Mortensen, Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles, 1927, p. 16 

 (in key), p. 22 (diagnosis).— Gisl£n, Ark. Zool., vol. 19, No. 32, 1928, p. 12. — Tortonese, Na- 

 tura, Milano, vol. 24, 1933, p. 163. — Gisl£n, Kungl. Fysiogr. Sallsk. Handl., new ser., vol. 45, 

 No. 11, 1934, p. IS.— EK.MAN, Zoogeographica, vol. 2, No. 3, 1934, pp. 328, 343; Tiergeographie 

 des Meeres, 1935, pp. 66, 360.— A. H. Clark, John Murray Exped. 1933-34, Sci. Reports, vol. 4, 

 No. 4, 1937, p. 103 (absent from western part of the Indian Ocean). — H. L. Clark, Mem. Soc. 

 Cubana Hist. Nat., vol. 15, No. 1, 1941, p. 13. — Gisl^n, Lunds Univ. Arsskr., new ser., Avd. 2, 

 vol. 40, No. 8, 1944, p. 54, footnote 1; Rep. Swedish Deep Sea Exped., vol. 2, Zool., No. 4, 1951, 

 pp. 55, 57, 58 (depth range); Internat. Zool. Congress, 1953, Publ. Un. Int. Sci. Biol., series B, 

 No. 16, 1954, p. 38. — Hyman, The invertebrates, vol. 4, Echinodermata, 1955, p. 95 (deep water). 



Atelecrinoiden Hartlaub, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 27, No. 4, p. 485 (justified as a family). 



Diagnosis [by A.M.C.]. — A family of Macrophreata, in which IBr scries are usually 

 present, giving rise to 10 arms, but may be absent, leaving 5 arms {Atopocrinus); 

 the centrodorsal is high conical, with the cirrus sockets in 10 (sometimes 15) vertical 

 columns, each socket flanked, except in Sibogacrinus, by prominent elevations which 

 sometimes form a horseshoe-shaped ridge round it; the proximal brachials are triangular 

 rather than oblong in shape; except in Atopocrinus, pinnules are absent from the first 

 12 or more brachials. 



Geographical range.— Known from the East Indian area to Fiji and the Hawaiian 

 Islands and from Brazil to Florida and the northeast Atlantic. 



Bathymetrical range. — Known from 532 (?384) to 1633 meters. 



Thermal range.— Known from 3.89° to 8.61° C. 



