REVISION OF THE FISH FAMILY LIPARIDAE 43 



^». Disk absent. 



Ki. Branchiostegals 6; vent vertical; gill slit at least partly 

 above the pectoral fin. 

 L^. Opercular arms not projecting as spines; coeca present. 



M^ Snout without barbels Paraliparis. 



M2. Snout with barbels Rhinoliparis. 



L2. Opercular arms projecting as spines; coeca absent. 



Acantholiparis. 

 K2. Branchiostegals 5. 



O'. Vent forward on throat, opening forward; 

 gill slit restricted to the front of the pectoral 



fin; pectoral lobes separate Nectoliparis. 



O*. Vent posterior in position, between pectoral 

 lobes; gill slit above pectoral; pectoral lobes 

 connected by widely speced rays-Lipariscus. 



Genus LIPARIS Artedi 



Liparis Artedi, 1738, Genera, 117. — Scopoli, 1777, Introd. Nat. Hist., p. 453. — 



And of various writers. 

 Cyclogaster Gronow, 1763, Zooph. — Girard, 1858, Pac. R, R. Rept., vol. 10, 



Fishes, p. 131; Int. Comm. zool. Nomen., Op. 20. — Lonnberq, 1899, Notes 



Swed. Arct. Exp. — Ehrenbatjm, 1902. — Gilbert and Burke, 1912, a, 6. — 



Burke, 1911, 1912, a, b. 

 Actinochir Gill, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 16, p. 193 (major). 

 Neoliparis Steindachner, 1875, Ich. Beitr., vol. Ill, p. 54 (mucosus). 

 Careliparis Garman, 1892, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 14, No. 2. 

 Lyoliparis Jordan and Evermann, 1896, Rept. U. S. Fish Comm., 1895, p. 451 



(pulchellus) . 



Disk present; nostrils 2; teeth trilobed; suprabranchial pores 2; 

 anterior dorsal rays spinous; pyloric coeca present, less than 150; 

 pseudobranchiae present; branchiostegals 6. 



MODIFICATION OF CHARACTERS 



Body. — The typical tide-pool species have a short, stout body 

 which is rather wide and depressed anteriorly. The shape of the 

 body in some of the deeper water species differs from that of the 

 tide-pool species. In Liparis owstoni the body is greatly compressed 

 and deepened, in Liparis rhodosoma more elongate and slender, and 

 in Liparis megacephalus and major shortened, deepened, and com- 

 pressed. In a few exceptional cases the shape of the body may help to 

 distinguish the species. 



The body is typically firm in this genus. In some of the species, 

 mainly the deeper-water forms, such as Liparis cyclopus, owstoni, 

 and rJiodosoma, the skin and flesh are somewhat softer and approach 

 the condition found in Careproctus. 



Nostrils. — Both nostrils are always present in Liparis. In Liparis 

 major and tessellaius the posterior nostril is reduced in diameter and 



