32 BULLETIN 130, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



27; Iowa, southern, March 1; Minnesota, Heron Lake, March 6; 

 Alberta, Alix, April 24; Alaska, Cross Sound, April 13, and Craig, 

 May 9; Pribilof Islands, May 19. Average dates of arrival: Penn- 

 sylvania, Eenovo, March 18; Massachusetts, March 11; New Bruns- 

 wick and Nova Scotia, March 22; Indiana, central, March 2; Illi- 

 nois, northern, March 21; Michigan, southern, March 31; Ontario, 

 southern, April 7, and Ottawa, April 24; Nebraska, Omaha, March 

 15; Iowa, southern, March 22; Minnesota, Heron Lake, March 26; 

 South Dakota, central, April 8; Manitoba, southern, April 25; 

 Saskatchewan, Osier, May 2; Mackenzie, Fort Simpson, May 11. 

 Late dates of departure : North Carolina, Smith's Island, April 15 ; 

 Massachusetts, Taunton, May 2; California, Los Angeles County, 

 April 22. 



Fall migration. — Gradual southward movement, mainly inland. 

 Dates of arrival : Ontario, Ottawa, October 26 ; Nova Scotia, Sable 

 Island, November T; Massachusetts, October 8; Rhode Island, Octo- 

 ber 13; Pennsylvania, November 10. Late dates of departure: 

 Alaska, Fort Reliance, October 7; Quebec, Montreal, November 1; 

 Ontario, Ottawa, November 8. 



Casual records.-— Accidental in southern Greenland (Godhaven, 

 1827, and Frederikshaab, 1891). Two records for Bermuda (No- 

 vember, 1875, and December, 1845). Accidental in Cuba, Porto 

 Rico, and Hawaiian Islands (Maui). 



Egg dates. — British Columbia: Six records. May 15 to June 4. 

 Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba: Five records. May 31 to 

 June 11. Alaska : Two records, June 6 and 12. 



CLANGULA HYEMALIS (Linnaeus) 



OLDSQUAW 



HABITS 



Spring. — Oldsquaws, or long-tailed ducks, as I should prefer to 

 have them called, are lively, restless, happy-go-lucky little ducks, 

 known to most of us as hardy and cheery visitors to our winter sea- 

 coasts, associated in our minds with cold, gray skies, snow squalls, 

 and turbulent wintry waves. Though happy and gay enough during 

 the winter, the height of their merriment is seen in the spring or 

 when the first signs of the breaking up of winter announce the com- 

 ing of the nuptial season and arouse the sexual ardor of these warm- 

 hearted little ducks. Early in the spring they become more restless 

 than ever, as they gather in merry flocks in the bays and harbors of 

 the New England coasts; the males, in various stages of budding 

 nuptial plumage and fired wdth the enthusiasm of returning passion, 

 gather in little groups about some favored female in fantastic pos- 



