OBJECTS OF RELIGIOUS CEREMONIAL 31 



in the middle where the corners meet. It is worn by the celebrant 

 when he approaches the altar to say mass, and is, like the cassock, 

 worn by the secular clergy generally. 



The dalmatic (from Dalmatia, where the garment originated) is the 

 distinctive vestment of the deacon when he assists at high mass, the 

 service of benediction, and at processions. It resembles the chasuble, 

 only it is not rounded at the extremities, but straight, and has wide 

 sleeves and marked with two stripes. It has to conform in color to 

 the vestments of the celebrant. The stole is worn by the deacon 

 over the left shoulder and joined on the right side. 



The tunic, which is the vestment of the subdeacon, does not differ 

 much in form from the dalmatic. 



Vestments of a mass celebrated hy a hisJiop (pontifical mass). — The 

 bishop, possessing the plentitude of priesthood, wears, when cele- 

 brating a pontifical mass, the vestments of all the ranks of the min- 

 istry. Peculiar to him are the rochet, a closely fitting garment of 

 linen vnth sleeves, which he wears over the cassock, gloves, sandals, 

 and the miter, a kind of a folding cap. It consists of two like parts, 

 each stiffened by a lining and rising to a peak. These are sewn to- 

 gether on the sides, but are united above by a piece of material that 

 can be folded together. Two lappets with fringes hang down from 

 the back. According to the style, there is distinguished the Gothic 

 miter, with straight lines and sharp point, an,d the Italian miter, with 

 greater height and curved lines. The bishop also wears a pectoral 

 cross, and a pontifical ring, and carries the crozier or pastoral staff, 

 the symbol of authority and jurisdiction. 



58. Priests' mass vestments. — Consisting of cassock, amice, alb, 

 cincture, maniple, stole, chasuble, and biretta. The maniple, stole, 

 and chasuble are made of red silk with floral designs in silver appliqu^, 

 and come from Italy; the cassock is a gift of the Rev. John Fenlon, 

 St. Austens, Brookland, D. C; the amice, alb, which is adorned 

 with a border of embroidered floral designs, the cincture and biretta 

 of velvet, are the gifts of the Rev. Joseph Mendl, Montclair, N. J. 

 (Plate 10, Cat. Nos. 178996 and 230966-068, U.S.N.M.) 



59. Priests' mass vestments. — Consisting of alb, maniple, stole, 

 chasuble, and biretta. The maniple, stole, and chasuble, of flowered 

 croisson silk in white and light green, come from Italy, the alb, of 

 linen with lace border, and biretta, of velvet, are the gifts of the Rev. 

 P. T. Carew, Ridgewood, N. J. (Plate 10, Cat. Nos. 178997 and 

 239090-093, U. S. N. M.) 



60. Maniple of tvMte croisso7i siZ^.— Embroidered in silk. Italy. 

 (Cat. No. 178999, U. S. N. M.) 



61. Maniple of purple croisson silk brocade. — Italy. (Cat. No. 

 178999, U.S.N.M.) 



62. Maniple of white satin brocade. — With borders and crosses in 

 silver and gold applique. Italy. (Cat. No. 178999, U.S.N.M.) 



