OBJECTS OF RELIGIOUS CEREMONIAL 39 



water to wash his face, and returned to her the napkin with the por- 

 trait. Five cities claim the possession of the genuine sudarium of 

 Veronica — Turin in Italy, Toulouse, Besangon, and Campiegne in 

 France, and Sorlat in Spain (?). Veronica herself is honored by a 

 shrine at the right hand of the high altar of St. Peter's in Rome, and 

 her festival is observed on the 4th of February. 



Farther down, a cherub; skull and crossbones, emblematic of 

 Christ's triumph over death and the grave, or it may be intended to 

 indicate Golgotha, the place of skulls (Matthew xxvii, 33). It is also 

 explained as the skull of Adam, according to the tradition that the 

 cross was placed on the resting place of the first father of mankind. 

 Upon a sort of platform underneath is placed the cock of St. Peter 

 (Matthew xxvi, 34 and 74). From the platform rise on staffs to the 

 right the cup of vinegar and to the left the sponge which was dipped 

 into it and reached up to Jesus on the cross (Matthew xxvii, 48). 

 Diagonally placed are the ladder for mounting up to the cross, and 

 the pillar, with the rope wound around it, with which Jesus was 

 bound to the pillar to be scourged (Matthew xxvii, 26). Lastly, 

 the vase and basin which rest on the base may either be intended for 

 the vessels which Jesus used in washing the feet of the disciples 

 (John xiii, 4-5), or for those in which the spices were brought to the 

 grave to anoint the body of Jesus (John xix, 39; also Mark xvi, 1). 

 Height, 18)4 inches. From the old Mission Church at Jemez, N. 

 Mex. (Cat, No. 211877, U.S.N.M.) 



113. Wooden cross. — Inlaid with straw to represent the instru- 

 ments of the Passion. Height, 21 inches. From an old Spanish 

 church in Caborca, Sonora, Mex. (Cat. No. 179041, U.S.N.M.) 



114. Wooden cross. — Inlaid with straw in a lozenge pattern. 

 Height, 21 inches. From an old Spanish church in Caborca, Sonora, 

 Mex. (Cat. No. 179042, U.S.N.M.) 



115. Wooden crucifix. — With the figure of Christ in mother-of- 

 pearl. Height, 3% inches. Palestine. (Cat. No. 74617, U.S.N.M.) 



116. Lorraine crucifix.— M&de of silver, openwork. Pendant. 

 Height, 3K inches. Nurnberg, Germany. (Cat. No. 286813, 

 U.S.N.M.) Lent by Miss Juha Halsted Chadwick. 



117. Glass cross. — Consisting of cut crystals fixed to a frame of 

 brass rods. Pendant. Height, 3)2 inches. Probably from Italy. 

 (Cat. No. 262158, U.S.N.M.) Lent by Mrs. G. Brown Goode. 



118. Wooden crucifix. — Inlaid with pieces of looking-glass. The 

 figures is of white metal and fastened to a chased metal plate. The 

 four ends are likewise encased in metal, terminating in trefoils (cross 

 hotone). Pendant. Height, 5)2 inches. Spain. (Cat. No. 286814, 

 U.S.N.M.) Lent by Miss Juha Halsted Chadwick. 



119. Pectoral cross. — Made of brass, gilded. Hollow and chased 

 work. Height, 4 inches. Italy. (Cat. No. 179117, U.S.N.M.) 



