64 BULLETIN 148, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



epimanikia, cuSs, made of silk or brocade and reaching about half- 

 way from the wrist to the elbow; 3, epitracTielion, corresponding to 

 and resembling the Latin stole, only instead of being thrown around 

 the neck, the head is put through a hole in the upper end and it 

 hangs down in front nearly to the feet; 4, zone, girdle; and 5, 

 phaenohon, chasuble, a bell-shaped garment with short wide sleeves, 

 with a hole through which the head is put, reaching to the feet be- 

 hind and at the sides and usually scooped out in front. Priests of a 

 higher rank (protopopes in Russia) wear in addition, the epigonation, 

 a rhomb or lozenge-shaped piece of stiff brocade, about 12 inches in 

 length, suspended from the girdle at the right side, symbolizing 

 the sword of the Spirit. The priest's every-day attire is a cassock 

 of any sober color. 



The bishop's liturgical vestments are generally more ornamental 

 than those of a priest, being embroidered with crosses and figures 

 of the Virgin and of saints. His stoicharion has red and white bands 

 running from the shoulders to the feet, and embroidered at the 

 bottom. The epitrachelion is worn around the neck and hangs down 

 in the front. In place of the pTiaenolion the bishop wears a saJclcos, a 

 tunic of puce-colored satin reaching to below the knees, with short 

 sleeves, divided up the sides which are joined by bows of ribbons or 

 clasps. Over this comes the omopJiorion, a wide band of silk or 

 velvet passed round the neck, one end hanging down from the left 

 side in front, the other behind, and kept in its place with ornamental 

 pins. The pontifical miter is a high hat which swells out toward the 

 top and is spanned diagonally by two hoops; on the highest point 

 of the dome-shaped top is a cross, either standing upright or placed 

 flat. The bishop also wears a pectoral cross and a medallion with 

 the image of the Virgin and Infant, called the panagia or enJcolpion, 

 and carries a pastoral staff or crozier {dikanikion) . 



The deacon wears the stoicharion, the epimanikia, and the epi- 

 trachelion, called orarion, which hangs from the left shoulder, to 

 which it is pinned, straight to the ground before and behind. 



272. Russian priests' phaenolion. — Made of heavy gold brocade, 

 with a Greek cross in gold appliqu^, lined with silver applique, on 

 the back. Nizhni Novgorod, Russia. (Plate 23 (upper). Cat. No. 

 154783, U.S.N.M.) 



273. Russian priests' phaenolion. — Made of gold and purple silk 

 brocade, with Greek cross in gold and silver appliqu6 on the back. 

 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia. (Cat. No. 154784, U.S.N.M.) 



274. Pastoral staf oj a Greek Catholic bishop. — Made of copper 

 tubes, silvered, terminating at the top into two serpents bent into a 

 handle, giving it the appearance of an anchor, the emblem of hope, 

 with a cross surmounting an orb between them. The handle and 

 the cross are gilded. Height, 5 feet 2 inches. Constantinople, 

 Turkey. (Plate 23 (lower), fig. 1, Cat. No. 154797- U.S.N.M.) 



