70 BULLETIN 148, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



299. Pair oj cymbals. — Called by the Armenians Dzindzgha. Used 

 in the service of the mass in the Armenian Church. Diameter, 11 

 inches. Constantinople, Turkey. (Cat. No. 154804, U.S.N. M.) 



300. Armenian Bible. — The first translation of the Bible into the 

 Armenian language was made from the Syriac version in the fifth 

 century by Mesrob (354-441), the reputed inventor of the Armenian 

 alphabet and founder of Armenian literature, and the patriarch 

 Sahak (Isaac). The present translation was printed in New York in 

 1870. Bound in black Morocco, richly gold tooled, with gilt edges. 

 Washington, D. C. (Cat. No. 309807, U.S.N.M.). Gift of Rev. 

 Edwin M. BHss. 



MODELS OF ECCLESIASTICAL EDIFICES 



301. Models oj the cathedral, the baptistry, the Campanile or Leaning 

 Tower, and the Campo Santo of Pisa, Italy. — Made of alabaster and 

 mounted upon a tablet of black marble. The cathedral (duomo), was 

 begun in 1063 (or 1067) and consecrated in 1118. It is a basilica of 

 the romanesque style of architecture. Its plan is a Latin cross, 311 

 feet long, 106K feet across the nave, and four aisles, 237 feet across 

 the transept, and 91 feet high, to the wooden ceiling of the nave. 

 Over the apse is a semidome. The fagade has five superposed tiers 

 of arcades with small columns, and a similar arcade is carried round 

 the edifice under the roof. The baptistry which stands in front of 

 the cathedral, erected between 1154 and 1350, is a circular structure 

 with a dome, surmounted by a statue of John the Baptist. It also 

 has two tiers of superposed arcades. Its height is 180 feet; the 

 diameter inside is nearly 100 feet, outside 107 feet, so that the walls 

 are about 8 feet thick. The dome is 60 feet in diameter and is sup- 

 ported on four piers and eight pillars. The campanile or leaning 

 tower was in process of construction one hundred and seventy-odd 

 years, 1174-1350. It is a cylindrical structure in eight stories. The 

 lower story, which is solid, has a height of 35 feet and is adorned with 

 15 three-quarter columns. The six stories above this average 20 feet 

 in height, and are surrounded with an open arcade. The whole is 

 crowned with a similar circular tower, 27 feet high, in which the bells 

 are hung. The entire height is thus 182 feet. The diameter at the 

 base is 52 feet. The tower, in consequence of the giving away of the 

 foundations before the fifth story was reached, leans 11 feet 2 inches 

 out of the perpendicular, and adding the 1 foot 10 inches of the 

 projecting cornice, it overhangs the base by 13 feet. 



The Campo Santo, or burial place, was begun in 1278 and com- 

 pleted in 1464. It is an oblong building with a square tower in front, 

 surmounted by a cupola. It contains among others the tomb of 

 Henry VII, Emperor of Germany 1308-1313. It is a veritable 

 museum of medieval painting and sculpture. Height of the bap- 



