84 BULLETIN 148, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



made of felt in shape of a cone. The other articles of dress are 

 usually a vest and full drawers, a long shirt and belt, and a coarse 

 cloak. Constantinople, Turkey. (Cat. No. 154760, U.S.N.M.) 



38. Dervish belt hucMe. — Consisting of a round, dented piece of 

 jade set in white metal and fastened to a disk of the same metal, wdth a 

 pendant of glass suspended from a short chain. Syria. (Cat. No. 

 155162, U.S.N.M.) 



39. Dervish crutch. — Wood, carved. It is placed under the armpit 

 or forehead to lean upon while meditating. Syria. (Cat. No. 

 155161, U.S.N.M.) 



40. Dervish staff. — Consisting of an iron rod with pieces of iron 

 suspended by chains from the top. It is brandished by the dervishes 

 in their public devotional exercises (zikr), to arouse the fervor and 

 zeal of the participants. Constantinople, Turkey. (Cat. No. 154759, 

 U.S.N.M.) 



41. Dervish staff. — The same as the preceding No. 40. Cairo, 

 Egypt. (Cat. No. 154777, U.S.N.M.) 



42. Vessel for the reception of alms hy the dervishes. — Made of 

 cocoanut shell. Beirut, Syria. (Cat. No. 154558, U.S.N.M.) 



43. Brass plate. — Decorated with animal figures and floral designs. 

 Used by dervishes. Beirut, Syria. (Cat. No. 154559, U.S.N.M.) 



44. Dervish drum (hanragan). — Used by the dervish on his pil- 

 grimage to Mecca or in the devotions of the zikr, Cairo, Egypt. 

 (Cat. No. 154576, U.S.N.M.) 



45-46. Two dervish drums. — Cairo, Egypt. (Cat. No. 155167, 

 U.S.N.M.) 



47. Dervish begging vessel. — Bronze. Boat-shaped. Entire sur- 

 face covered with engraved Arabic inscriptions. 



48. Dervish alms vessel. — Brass openwork. Crescent-shaped. North 

 Africa. (Cat. No. 311815, U.S.N.M.) Bequest of Miss Elizabeth 

 S. Stevens. 



49. Dervish alms vessel. — The same as the preceding No. 48. 



50. Dervish alms bowl. — Porcelain. Boat-shaped. With Arabic 

 inscription. Syria. (Cat. No. 155163, U.S.N.M.) 



51-52. Two dervish wands of iron. 



53. Leather bag (kees). — Used by dervishes for the reception of 

 food while begging. Cairo, Egypt. (Cat. No. 155169, U.S.N.M.) 



54. Manuscript of the Koran. — Finely written in Arabic in black, 

 red, and gold on vellum. The two first pages are illuminated in 

 gold and several colors. All the other pages are framed in gold 

 and black lines, and some of the margins are decorated with floral 

 designs in colors. The titles of the chapters or Suras are painted 

 in white on gold. Bound in red leather with gUded toolings, and 

 inclosed in a case provided with a thong to be suspended from the 

 neck. The manuscript probably dates from the eighteenth cen- 



