OBJECTS OF RELIGIOUS CEREMONIAL 175 



363. Kakemono. — Representing a Bodhisattva on a lotus throne, 

 ./hich is set on a ornate base. Measurements, 4 feet 11 Jo inches by 

 17K inches. China or Japan. (Cat. No. 316355. U.S.N.M.) Col- 

 lected by Maj. Murray Warner and presented through his widow, 

 Mrs. Gertrude Bass Warner. 



364. Kakemono. — Representing Buddha with 12 saints or arhats. 

 The faces are painted white, the caps red, the robes yellow, the halos 

 light green. China (?). (Cat. No. 154273, U.S.N.M.) 



365. Kakemono. — Monochrome. Representing Daruma by Toteku 

 of the Unkoku School (1538-1610 A. D.). Daruma w^as the twenty- 

 eighth Buddhist patriarch. He arrived in China in 520 A. D. and 

 converted the then emperor. It is said he came to Japan in 613 

 A. D. and died there. During nine years he sat in profound medita- 

 tion, neither moving or speaking, and when he returned to conscious- 

 ness of his surroundings his legs had become paralyzed owing to their 

 long disuse. He is often depicted in a humorous manner, with a 

 comical head and round body, without arms and legs, which are 

 supposed to have withered away from disuse. Japan. (Cat. No. 

 154273, U.S.N.M.) 



366. Tibetan painting. — Representing Buddha in the midst of 

 24 saints and divinities. The robes of the ensemble are painted 

 scarlet, the halos green. Height, 50 inches; width, 24 inches. Leh, 

 Ladakh. (Cat. No. 178126, U.S.N.M.) Gift of W. L. Abbott. 



367-373. Seven water colors. — Painted in guasche on muslin, being 

 copies of wall paintings in temples of Laos. Representing scenes from 

 the life of Buddha. Noticeable is the flight of Buddha from Kapila- 

 vastu on his faithful horse Kantkaka, whose hoofs are supported by 

 goddesses rising from the earth. Dimensions: 3 bj^ 3 feet to 6 by 3 

 feet. Laos, Further India. (Cat. Nos. 217656-217662, U.S.N.M.) 



374. Lotus. — Model of wood. The lotus {Nelumbium speciosum), is, 

 as has been said previously (No. 2), the favorite flower of India and 

 invested with much symbolism. Among others, it is the symbol of 

 purity. The lotus upon the lake seems to spring from the body of the 

 waters without contact with the earth, and no matter how muddy the 

 water may be, the lotus preserves its own purity undefiled. Thus 

 Buddha is made to say: "Just as a lotus born in water, bred in water, 

 overcomes water and is not defiled by water, so I, born in the world 

 and bred in the world, have now overcome the world." The wor- 

 shipers of Amitabha, or Amida, in China and Japan believe that each 

 man while living on earth is represented in paradise by a lotus, which 

 flourishes or languishes according to his spiritual condition. The 

 saved dead (by faith in the invocation of Amitabha), are carried to 

 the lake of lotuses where they are reborn with a spiritual body within 

 the calyx of one of the lotuses. According to their merits, the lotus 

 opens sooner or later. Some are imprisoned for thousands of ages 



