GAMMARIDEAN AMPHIPODA 5 



A square brass or wooden frame with an inside area of either % 4 th 

 or % th square m. was dropped near each gridwork intersection and 

 all epiflora enclosed by the frame and as much substrate as feasible 

 was removed from the rock surfaces and preserved. Samples of K th 

 square m. were taken only at Carmel, La Jolla, and Corona del Mar. 

 Long leaves of surf grass and stipes of algae were stranded through 

 the frame and included in the samples. Various metal tools were used 

 to chisel rock surfaces and to remove algal rhizomes. 



At several localities (table 1), either simultaneously with the 

 rock-surface collections or subsequently at other periods of ebb tide, 

 gridworks were reestablished. The unconsolidated cobbles and boulders 

 nearest each intersection were overturned and quantitative samples 

 of either the underrock substrate or the encrusting faunas on the 

 undersides of the rocks were taken. Quantitative samples also were 

 collected in areas other than the Phyllospadix-peivetiid zone. Occa- 

 sionally these samples were grouped in grid-patterns but more often 

 they were one sample sites of irregular or unusual substrate, such 

 as: beds of sea anemones, sandy reef-like masses of the polychaete 

 Phragmatopoma sp., tidepools containing articulated coralline algae, 

 sponges, tunicates, algal turf, masses of soft polychaete tubes, 

 hydroids, and mytilid beds. Many samples, not reported upon herein 

 because they lacked amphipodan specimens, were taken of bare rocks, 

 sparse algal mats, and underrock substrates. 



A few samples collected by scuba divers in depths of 3 to 8 m. 

 are described as examples of the contrast to amphipodan faunas of 

 the intertidal zone. Subintertidal amphipodan faunas from 1 to 10 

 m. of depth are virtually unstudied in California and many more 

 samples of this type should be collected. 



During the period of 1946 to 1960 the writer collected samples 

 occasionally at La Jolla, Corona del Mar, Pt. Fermin, and Monterey 

 Bay. These samples were primarily of those substrates and floras 

 that presumably would provide the best nestling sites for amphipods. 

 Only a few of those collections are reported upon herein because the 

 survey made between 1961 and 1963 has provided a broader repre- 

 sentation of materials, owing in large part to the use of the gridwork 

 sampling pattern. The latter method makes mandatory the collection 

 of a sample at an intersection whether the site appears to be a habitat 

 favorable for amphipods or not. In a larger sense, the selection of 

 localities from a map also makes mandatory the sampling of areas 

 seemingly unfavorable for collecting large quantities of amphipods. 

 These methods have resulted in the discovery of many previously 

 unrecorded or unknown species that were not found in the earlier 

 samples noted above. Notwithstanding, a large number of gross, 

 non-quantitative samples again was collected at each locality in 



