CATALOGUE OF THE WATEllCKAFT COLLECTIOX. 23 



Eva of Noank, Conn., a small screw steamer built for the lobster 

 fishery in 1883; she was 14.10 tons gross, and 7.05 tons net register. 

 Her success led to the building of other steamers, though the number 

 is very limited. 



Small, light-draught, side-wheel steamers are used to some extent 

 for "laying out" seines in the broad shallow waters of the South, 

 especially about Albemarle Sound. 



Steamers have been employed in the market fishery at Tampa, 

 chiefly for transporting the catch of the fishing gangs from the 

 " beaches " or " ranches " to Tampa. 



Steam schooners are much in favor with those engaged in thg 

 salmon fisheries of Alaska, and quite a fleet of those vessels has been 

 built for this purpose. 



Steam tugs and launches are used to some extent by salmon packers 

 on the Columbia River and Puget Sound. 



Several steamers were built for prosecuting the market fishery 

 from San Francisco. One of the first was the Golden Gate, of which 

 there is a rigged model in the collections. 



Steam was first utilized for the whale fishery of the United States 

 in 1865. In that year the steamer Pioneer, formerly a Government 

 transport, was rebuilt for and sent on a whaling voyage. It was 

 four years later, however, before a steam whaler specially designed 

 and built for that purpose was put afloat. This was the auxiliary 

 steam bark, Mary and Helen, launched at Bath, Me., on July 17, 

 1879. Her marked success led to the building of other vessels of her 

 class — one to take her place — for she was sold to the United States 

 Government after her first cruise and under the name of Rogers 

 went in search of the missing Arctic exploring steamer Jeannette. 

 She was burned at St. Lawrence Bay, Siberia, on November 30, 1881. 



The employment of steam vessels in the Arctic whale fishery has 

 ]ed to important results, for, while sailing vessels have often met 

 with poor success, the steamers, being able to penetrate the ice fields 

 of the North, have made wonderful catches. In late years it has 

 been common for them to winter in the vicinity of the mouth of the 

 Mackenzie River, far east of Point Barrow, and often they had a 

 big season's catch before other vessels could force their way through 

 the ice packs to the whaling grounds. 



The Orca, of which an excellent rigged model is included in the 

 collections, is the largest vessel of this class and is certainly one of 

 the best. 



According to the old records, snows and ketches were employed 

 in the bank cod fisheries when the business was first established, and 

 at an early date sloops were also engaged in fishing. In the records 

 of Massachusetts Colony, 1680, the statement is made that " there 

 are about one hundred or one hundred and twenty ships, sloops, and 



