CATALOGUE OF THE WATERCEAFT COLLECTIOX. 279 



and stern rising in an abrupt curve ; wide rudder ; open, except short 

 spaces forward and aft, including cabin; washboards along the sides; 

 provided with curved matting cover to space abaft mast ; rigged 

 with one mast and a single lorcha sail of matting attached to the 

 mast by long loops, and trimmed by a crow's-foot sheet — a series of 

 small ropes starting from a common center at the end of a larger 

 rope which constitutes the sheet proper, and extending, one to each 

 section of the leach of the sail, where it is intersected by one of its 

 many bamboo yards. One of these ropes is also attached to the 

 after end of the lower yard. The boat is fitted with oars, single- 

 flued wooden anchor, etc. 



Dimeiisions of hoat. — Length over all, 40 feet; beam, 12 feet 8 

 inches; depth, amidships, 3 feet; height of mast, 37 feet; sail, 23 

 feet 4 inches high, 17 feet average width ; oars of various lengths, 

 from 14 feet 4 inches to 17 feet 8 inches. Scale of model, three- 

 fourths inch equals 1 foot. 

 Gift of Chinese Centennial Commission. Cat. Xo. 160,144 U.S.N.M. 



Model of Chinese monsoon junk. 



A type of junk employed from Canton chiefly during the preva- 

 lence of monsoons, or eastern trade winds, and generally designated 

 as a "monsoon junk." It is a wooden, carvel-built (in water-tight 

 sections) sailing junk, with raking V-shaped square bow; keel for 

 nearly half the length forward : except this, a round, keelless bottom, 

 curving up sharply at stern; V-shaped square stern; large rudder, 

 with holes in it, dropping below bottom; deep bulwark; decked; 

 cabin aft ; capstan for heaving up anchors, hoisting sails, etc. ; lorcha 

 rigged, carrying three sails. 



Dimensions of junk. — Length over all, 63 feet: beam, 14 feet 6 

 inches; depth of hold, 6 feet 6 inches; foremast, above deck, 28 feet 

 6 inches; mainmast, above deck, 39 feet; mizzenmast, above deck, 

 22 feet 6 inches. Scale of model, one-half inch equals 1 foot. 



The skag or keel forward gives a strong gripe, which is counter- 

 balanced when the rudder is down. But when the rudder is lifted, 

 which always precedes tacking, the junk quickly comes about on the 

 opposite tack. 



" These Junks make no more than one voyage a year, performing 

 their passage in either direction during the favoring monsoon." ^® 

 Gift of Chinese Centennial Expedition. Cat. No. 55,779 U.S.N.M. 



Model of Chinese sail and rowing boat. 



This type of boat, which is one of the smallest classed as " cargo 

 boat," is from Newchwang, Province of Shengking, China. When 



" Report of the Wilkes Exploring Expedition. 



