KEY TO THE ORDERS. 



I. Feet with webs or lobes. 



A. Feet with webs. 



i. Webs extending to the base of the toe-nails. 



a. Legs far back near the tail; tail short or wanting. 



b. Legs near the middle of the body; tail well developed, 

 (i). Hind toe connected to the front one by a web. 

 (2). Hind toe, when present, free and opposed to 



the front ones. 

 (a). Nostrils opening through tubes, 

 (b). Nostrils not opening through tubes. 



(a 1 ). Bill with tooth-like protections along its 



sides. 



(a 2 ) End half of bill bent abruptly down; 



legs and neck very long and slender. 



(Not found in ( >hio. ) 



( ]>-' 1. Only tip of bill bent down ; legs not very 



long. 13 



ilJ 1 Bill withoul tooth-like projections; wing: 



lung. _ 12 



2. W bs nol extending to the base of the toe-nails. 11 



B. Feet with lobes on the sides of the toes. 



1. Legs far back; tail wanting. (Grebes). 16 



2. Legs near the middle of the body: tail well developed. 



a. Forehead with a bare shield. (Coot, white) (Galli- 



nule, red >. 9 



b. Forehead without a bare shield : bill long and slender. 1 1 



II. Feet with neither webs nor lobes. 



0. I'M '.ol ES. 



4. STKC.ANOPODES. 



5. TUBINARES. 



ODONTOGLOSSyE. 



ANSERES. 



LONGIPEXXES. 

 U VIICOLjE. 



I'YoomnES. 



PALUDIOH..L. 

 I.IMICOL/E. 



. Legs and neck long and slender. 



1. Lores bare. 10 



2. Lores not bare. 



a. Toes four. (Cranes. 1 9 



b. Toes three. ( Plovers, etc. ) 11 

 Legs and neck not decidedly long and slender. 



1. Feet very large, toes long and slender ; wings moderate. 9 



2. Feet and toes moderate. 



a. Lower part of tibia bare. 1 1 



b. Lower part of tibia feathered. 

 (1). Hind toe short, elevated above the front ones. 8 

 (2). Hind toe, when present, on the same level as the 



front toe-. 

 (a). Nostrils opening beneath a soft, fleshy 



brane. 

 (b). Bill without a soft, fleshy membrane. 

 1 a 1 ). Bill with a tough cere at its base. 



(a 2 ). 3 Iocs in front, one behind. 6. 



(Ii-) _> toes in front, 2 behind. 5 



(1)1). Bill without a cere. 



la-). 2 toes in front and 2 behind, or 2 in froi 

 and I behind. 

 Ca3) Tail feathers stiff and pointed. 3 



]/■>!. Tail feathers not stiff. 4 



1 1,-' 1. 3 toes in front, one behind. 



i.i'i Middle and outer toes joined for half 



their length. 

 (b 3 ). Middle and outer toes not joined. 

 fa 4 "). Feet and bill very small and weak. 



mouth large. 

 (Mi, Bill long and very slender. (Hum- 

 mingbirds) . 

 (c 4 ). Characters various, but not combined 

 as above. 



II Ri .1 )K INES. 



i'\i.rnioi]..K. 



LIMICi IL 

 PALI \nCOLM. 



l.l\IK'i)I..L. 

 CAI.I.IX.F. 



7. COLUMB^E. 



RAPTORES. 

 PSITTACI. 



PICI. 

 COCCYGES. 



4. O iCCYGES 



2. M U'KOCHIRES. 

 2. MACROCHIRES. 

 1. P iiSSERES. 



