Family 8. Turdidae. Thrushes, Robin, Bluebird. 



It can hardly be disputed that the Thrushes are the most gifted of our birds in song. There is 

 even reasonable "doubt if the famed Nightingale of Europe can approach them in real musical ren- 

 dition. The songs of the Thrushes are capable of being reproduced by musical instruments, and their 

 phrases reduced to musical notation. The true Thrushes are birds of the woods, the deeper woods, 

 but the Robin and Bluebird have become nearly civilized; and their songs are less musical. 



Back with evident blue. 

 I. Back blackish, underparts largely rufous. 

 [I. Back brown or olive, under parts more or less spotted. 



V Upper parts "live brown, tail rufous. 



I). Upper parts cinnamon-brown. 



1. Under parts heavily spotted with black. 



2. Under parts pale buflfy, lightly marked. 

 C. Upper parts olive. 



1. Threat, breast, cheeks, deep cream-buff. 



2. Throat, breast, cheeks, almost white. 



99. Bluebird. 



98. American Robin. 



97. Hermit Thrush. 



93- Wood Thrush. 

 91. Wilson Thrush. 



96. OIive=backed Thrush. 

 95. Gray-checked Thrush. 



Family 9. Syi.viidak. Old World Warblers. 



Only three representatives of this Old World group are found in Ohio, and only one of these 

 remains to nest. Next to the Hummingbirds they are the smallest of our birds, and are therefore 

 easily overlooked amid the foliage. While so small their voices are strong and carry far; particu- 

 larly the Ruby-crowned Kinglet. 

 1. With red or yellow on the crown. 



A. Crown with yellow or orange bordered by black. 



B. Crown with a concealed ruby patch, without black. 

 [I. Without red or yellow on crown. 



A. Back ashy blue, tail long. 



B. Back olive-green. 



ioo. Golden-crowned Kinglet. 

 ioi. Ruby=crowned Kinglet. 



102. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher. 

 1 01. Ruby-crowned Kinglet. 



Family 10. ParidaE. Nuthatches, Titmice. 



These are birds of the entire year. Without them in winter our woods would be dreary indeed 

 ami well nigh birdless. They are "not timid, but on the contrary are more curious than the proverb- 

 ial woman. They ate perfectly at home in any position on any kind 01 a surface, whether horizontal, 

 inclined or perpendicular, but the Nuthatches prefer to cling head down. They will eat anything 

 in winter, and can readily be drawn to the windowsill with crumbs, nuts or -net. They -"on lose 

 1" man which they may have had. and perch on the outstretched hand for food. 



Throat black, crown black. 



A. Tail over 2.30. 



B. Tail under 2.20. 



. Throal not black, crown vario 



A. Head crested. 



B. I 1 1 ad not crested. 



1. Whole top of head brown. 

 Top of head black. 



a. Wing over 3.25. 



b. Wing under 3.00. 



107. Chickadee. 



108. Carolina Chickadee. 



to6. Tufted Titmouse. 



[05. Brown-headed Nuthatch. 



[03. White-breasted Nuthatch. 

 ro4. Red-breasted Nuthatch. 



Famil 



CerThiidae. Creepers. 



Our Br 

 spirally. It 

 arc three t< 



mi Creeper may be at once known by its habit of climbing up a tree trunk or branch 

 looks a little like a very small Woodpecker, but the hill i= slender and curved, and there 

 s in front and one behind instead of two in front and two behind. 



109. Brown Creeper. 



Family 



Troglodytidak. 



A snap-shot judgment would separate 

 ers to the Turdidc-e. but more careful com 

 ment. In song and story this group is perl 

 Certainly it deserves the distinction, for tl 

 into prominence. The Wrens are too neai 

 the rabble of English Sparrows. The Wr 

 fittingly illustrated by the forward pointing 



Mockers, Thrashers, and Wrens, 



i; famil 



into two distinct families 

 study reveals the logic o 

 known than any other v 

 bird alone might well ser 

 Id lard- to e-cape populai 

 lly, are brimmine. 

 are true Americans. 



.r return the Mock- 

 he present arrange- 

 p of birds. 



