\.\X1V. 



I. Wing over 3.50. 



A. Slate-color, under tail-coverts rufous. 



B. Back grayish, outer tail-feathers white. 



C. Back rufous, under parts spotted. 



II. Wing less than 3.00. 



A. Wings not barred. 



B. Vv ings barred. 



1. Back streaked with white. 



a. White streaks confined to center of back, 

 to. Wings and whole back white streaked. 



2. Back not streaked with white. 



a. A long white streak over the eye. 



b. No white line over the eye. 



(1). Belly, sides, and breast barred. 

 (2). Sides only faintly barred. 



111. Catbird, 

 no. Mockingbird. 



112. Brown Thrasher. 



114. Bewick Wren. 



118. Long=hilled Marsh vv'ren. 

 117. Short=billed Marsh Wren. 



[3. Carolina Wren. 



n6. Winter Wren. 

 [ 15. House Wren. 



Family 13. HirundinidaE. Swallows, Martins. 



The Swallow form and carriage are too well known In call for comment, 

 graceful flyers, feeding upon flying insects fcr the most part, but sometimes gleanir 

 tops as they fly over the pastures or meadow. Three or four of the species nest 

 tions of man. one of them, Purple Martin, exclusively. After the breeding season, 

 have become able to fly well, the Swallows gather in large companies preparatory 1 

 journey. Telegraph wires along the lake front are then often covered with the bit 

 Swallows are in any way injurious, but all are useful birds. 



I. Upper parts with metallic reflections. 



A. Under parts steel-blue. 119. Purple Martin. 



B. Throat chestnut, rufous or brownish. 



I\ Tail deeply forked. 121. Barn Swallow. 



2. Upper tail coverts rufous or buff v. 120. Cliff Swallow. 



C. Throat gray or white. 



1. Entire under parts white. 122. Tree Swallow. 



2. Throat and breast brownish-gray. 119. Purple Martin. 



II. Upper parts without metallic reflections. ? 



\. Throat and breast brownish-gray. 124. Rough-winged ! 



B. A brownish band across the white breast. 123. Bank Swallow. 



1 rong, 

 grass- 

 labita- 

 young 



Invar. 1 

 if the 



Fa 



The Waxwings are beaut 



next. Their tufted head and 



true song, but chatter faintly. 



nily 14. AmpeupaE. Waxwings. 



ful but inconstant birds. They are here at one time and gone the 

 ilkv-brownish plumage are always good field marks. They have no 

 The Cedarbird is fond of ripe cherries, but always prefers ripe mul- 



berries to anything else. Depredations upon the cherry crop may be prevented by the proximity of 

 mulberry tree. 



Wing over 4.50. 

 Wing under 4.00. 



125. Bohemian Waxwing. 



126. Cedar Waxwing. 



Family 15. Laniidae. Shrikes. 

 The Shrikes are the birds of prey among the Passeres. Their feet and bill are adapted for a 

 predatory life. Mice, snakes, birds and insects are captured and eaten, or impaled on thorns for future 

 use as the occasion demands. 



I. Wing over 4.00. 127. Northern Shrike. 



II. Wing less than 4.00. 128. Migrant Shrike. 



Family 16. VirEonidae. Vireos. 

 These small birds bear some resemblance to the Shrikes in general structure, but differ widely 

 in habits. They are all woods-hunters, while the Shrikes prefer the open fields. They glean from 

 the surface of leaves or from the bark, and sometimes dart out after a flying insect. Their food is 

 almost wholly insect. They are less brisk of movement than the Warblers, but bear a fairly close 

 resemblance to them in a general way. A novice might easily become confused between the two 

 groups. All of the Vireos are good singers, and the White-eyed is a good mimic. All build pensile 

 nests, sometimes of beautiful pattern and careful workmanship. 

 I. With distinct wing-bars. 



A. Wing under 2.75. 134. White=eyed Vireo. 



B. Wing over 2.75. 



