WXY1. 



It, Red "ii head confined to a band across nape. 

 A. Under parts black, unspotted. 



1. Bill blackish '54- Northern Pileated Woodpecker. 



2. Bill white. (Hypothetical) Ivory=billed 



Woodpecker. 

 I; I Inder parts spotted or si reaked. 



i. Rump white; .1 black crescent on breast. 157- Northern Flicker. 



2. Head black, red in 2 spots on nape. 151- Red=cockaded Woodpecker. 



('. Under pins white or whitish. 



1. Crown gray. 150. Red=bellied Woodpecker. 



2. Crown black. 



a. Bill over i.co. 149- Hairy Woodpecker. 



Bill under 1.00. 150. Downy Woodpecker. 



[II. Head without red. 



\ Bill white. (Hypothetical) Ivory=billed 



Woodpecker. 

 I: Bill nol white. 



1. Under parts unmarked. 



a. Bill over 1.00. M9- Hairy Woodpecker. 



b. Bill under 1.00. 150. Downy Woodpecker. 



2. Under parts spotted m birred or streaked. 



Back wholly black. 152- Arctic Three=toed Woodpecker. 

 b. Back black" and white. 



(1). Breast with a black patch. 153. Yellow=bellied Sapsucker. 

 (2). Breast without a black patch. 



iii Wing over 5.C0. 155. Red=headed Woodpecker. 



1 lii. Wing under 5.00. 151. Red«cockaded Woodpecker. 



( >ki>i:r 4. COCCYGES. Cuckoos, Kingfisher. 



Family 2. Cuculidae. Cuckoos. 



The Cuckoos are shy birds, making their way among the tree branches and in the foliage with- 

 out sound or commotion. Their slender bodies and Ions tail save them the appearance of snake-like 

 proportions and movement The popular belief that their peculiar ...11- indicate the appn ich of a 

 storm is nol well founded, a anj one may learn by a little careful si idj of thesi birds Their 

 greaf value to agi ■<••-•■ md especially to the horticulturalist, lie- in their ' tbil 1 1 tting quan- 

 tities of the tent caterpillar and other hairy and spiny caterpillars and larvse which other birds will 

 licit touch. They should be encouraged to nest near the orchard. 



I. Lower mandible yellow, wings with rufous. 159- Yellow=billed Cuckoo. 



II. Whole bill black, wings without rufous. 160. Black=billed Cuckoo. 



Family 1. AlcedinidaE. Kingfishers. 



The single member of this family inhabiting Onio may be found about streams and ponds and 

 lakes looking for fish and tadpoles. He is not particularly useful nor particularly harmful. He is a 

 desirable pari of a landscape because he is picturesque and interesting. There is no good reason why 

 he should be harmed. 158. Belted Kingfisher. 



( IrdER 5. PSITTACI. Parrots. 

 The single species representing this order has Inns -nice become extinct in Ohio. 



161. Carolina Paroquet. 



Order 6. RAPT< >RES. Birds of Prey. 



Family 1. Strigidae. Barn Owl. 



The single species comprising this family is sufficiently treated in the discussion of that species 

 in the body of this book. 162. Barn Owl. 



Family 2. BubonidaE. Horned Owls, Hoot Owls, etc. 



Most owls are nocturnal in habits, but most of them are also able to fly well by day. Some are 



seen during daylight except in dark weather, or when startled from their retreats, and some 



prefer the day to hunt in. Their cries are weird and startling. They nest either in hollow trees or 



in open nests, but seldom if ever make a whole new nest for themselves. Their food varies with 



ies, but mammals, insects and birds form the greater part of their diet. Only one species. 



Horned < > \\ 1 . is distinctly and always injurious. Some are anions the most useful of 



animals and should be carefully protected. 



