REPTILIA: SERPENTES: COLUBRIDAE 



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323 

 XENODON 



XENODON Boie 



1824 Oph is Wagler (preoccupied by Oph is Turton, I8O7), in Spix, Sp. Nov. Serp. Bras.: 47. Type- 

 species: Oph i s Merrem i i Wagler. 

 I827 Xenodon Boie, in Schlegel, Isis von Oken, 20: 253- Type-species: Coluber severus Linnaeus. 

 I853 Acanthophallus Cope, Amer. Nat., 27: 482. Type-species: Xenodon colubr i nus Gunther. 



Distribution: Mexico through Central America east of Andes in South America to Argentina (see 

 commen t ) . 



Content: Seven species. 



Comment: Eiselt, Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 66, 1563> 275> discussed the status of Proeteria 



V ir idi s Werner, 1924, and gave it the new name Xenodon werner I . The holotype was supposedly from 

 Tsumeb, German Southwest Africa, but Eiselt questioned this, and indicated it was possibly from 

 South America. It appears to be very similar to suspectus . 



Key to the species 



1. Maxillary teeth more than twelve, including 



those posterior to diastema 2 



Maxillary teeth B-5, including those posterior 

 tod iastema merrem i i 



2. Dorsal scales in I5 rows- 

 Dorsal scales in 21 rows- 



3. Fewer than six labials in contact with first 



chinshield 4 



Six labials in contact with first chinshield 



berthold i 



4. Anal plate entire-- 

 Anal plate divided- 



5 



- quen ther i 



5. Single black spot, bifurcated posteriorly on 



dorsum of head; tail 1/6 of total length 



rabdocephalus 



Dorsum of head with black spotting; tail l/lO 

 of total length suspectus 



6. Caudals fewer than 42 severus 



Caudals more than 42 neuwied i i 



Clave de espec i es 



1. Dientes maxilares mas de doce, incluyendo los 



posteriores al diastema 2 



Dientes maxilares 8-5, incluyendo los poste- 

 riores al diastema merremi i 



2. Con 15 hileras de escamas dorsales 3 



Con 21 hileras de escamas dorsales 6 



3- Menos de seis labiales en contacto con el pri- 

 mer geneial 4 



Seis labiales en contacto con el primer geneial 

 berthold i 



4. Placa anal entera 5 



Placa anal dividida quenther i 



5. Sobre el casquete cefalico, una mancha negra 



bifurcada poster iormente; cola equivalente a 



1/6 de la longitud total rabdocephalus 



Sobre el casquete cefalico manchas negras; cola 



equivalente a l/lO de la longitud total 



suspectus 



6. Caudales menos de 42 severus 



Caudales mas de 42 neuwiedi i 



XENODON BERTHOLD! Jan 



I863 X.[ enodon ] Bertholdi Jan, Arch. Zool. Anat. Fis., 2: 3I8. Type-locality: Mexico, probably in 



error. 

 1551 Xenodon berthold i — Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., Ji: Gj. 



Distribution: Costa Rica. 



XENODON GUENTHERI Boulenger 



I854 Xenodon quenther i Boulenger, Cat. Sn. Brit. Mus., 2: I47, pi. ], fig. 1. Type-locality: Lagos, 

 Santa Catarina, Brazil. 



Distribution: Southern Brazil. 



