MAMMALS OF TTTF. MEXICAN BOUNDARY. 181 



An older male (No. 58929, U.S.N.M.), killed August •_".». has the last 

 molars slightly more advanced, and the second milk incisor has dis- 

 appeared on the left side, the right resting on the apex of the second 

 permanent incisor. Another male, perhaps sixteen months old (No. 

 -!v ';•;';. I'. S.N. M.), had perfected spike horns measuring 95 mm. in 

 length November 27, and had all of it- permanent from teeth. It- 

 last molars have not risen quite up to the level of the first and sec- 

 ond molars. The first lower premolar is appearing beneath Hie 

 posterior milk molar. It is clear, therefore, that the full comple- 

 ment of 32 teeth is completed shortly after the hardening of its 

 first horns, lejiving the milk molars to be replaced by the permanent 

 premolars in the period immediately following. The order of re- 

 placement of the milk molar.-; is from behind forward. The perma- 

 nent dentition is probably acquired by the time the second horns have 

 started, or when the animal is a little more than two years old. At 

 any rate, a female killed with its mother (Nos. |^|t| and l^fff, 

 U.S.N.M-.) June 3, nearly as large as its mother and presumably 

 almost two years old. had shed all but four (three upper and one 

 lower) of its milk molars, so that it would have completed its den- 

 tition about the time its mother's next fawn should be born — about the 

 end of July, as judged by the size of the fetuses. 



Habitat and ha 1> /As-.— This small and exquisitely graceful deer occu- 

 pies the southwest corner of Xew Mexico and southern Arizona, but 

 does not range far to the northward. Three mounted specimens of this 

 deer in the U. S. National Museum were taken by Mr. E. W. Nelson 

 at Bine River, Graham County. Arizona. November 13 and 14, 1890. 

 I never saw it in northern New Mexico or Arizona, and even in the 

 higher portions of the Gila Basin it i< rare or absent. During a 

 residence of four years at Fort Verde, central Arizona, none' were 

 seen. On the night of October <">. Is,s4. General Crook's party reached 

 a fork of Canyon Creek, in Tonto Basin. Arizona. The Indians who 

 met us there had killed several deer when guiding the Fort Apache 

 pack train to this cam]) with a cargo of grain for the animal- of the 

 command. One of the skins was small and reddish instead of 

 grayish, and from an Indian named Peaches I learned that it was 

 this species and not the mule deer. On the 15th of the same month 

 we saw them alive for the first time in the canyon between Black 

 River and Ash Creek, near the road from Fort Apache to the Gila 

 River. On the Gila the whites called them fan-tail- or dwarf deer. 

 Mexicans simply called them "Cuervo" (Cacalote). Three were 

 -ecu at Mr. Hutchinson's horse camp on the rim of Bloody Basin, 

 between forts Verde and McDowell, April 1'.'. L888. In the oak 

 and juniper woods of that locality Mr. Hutchinson had killed se^ 

 eral "fan-tails" ami manv "black-tails" or mule deer. This i> the 



