42 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 227 



on fronds of kelp, as Laminaria (washed up on the beach after a 

 storm along with Laminaria, Fucus, etc.); found on piUngs among 

 mussels, tunicates, sponges, hydroids, etc.; abundant on beds of 

 Mytilus edulis. Third most abundant polynoid in the oceanographic 

 fouling studies in the New England region. Dredged on all types of 

 bottom— mud, rocks, shells, and various combinations of mud, sand, 

 pebbles, rocks, gravel, stones, along with algae, shells, coral, sponges, 

 bryozoan nodules, hydroids, barnacles, ascidians, mussels, and worm 

 tubes. 



Some females with coral pink eggs inside the body found in April 

 (Fort Stark, New Hampshire, April 7, 1954); others with eggs ex- 

 truded and carried between the parapodia and on the ventral surface 

 (not on the dorsal surface as in H. imbricata). 



Harmofhoe extenuata, along with H. imbricata, appears to have 

 great powers of dispersal and adaptation, showing great adaptability 

 to bathymetric range — from tide pools to considerable depths (up to 

 1,000 fathoms). It appears to have even greater adaptability to 

 temperature and salinity than does H. imbricata. Along the Labrador 

 coast, it penetrates the Greater Lake Melville Estuary as well as 

 the outer coast, while H. imbricata was not found in the Estuary 

 (Pettibone, 1956a). It has been found in salt ponds of low salinity 

 in Rhode Island (Charlestown Pond, May 13, 1954, H, P. Jeffries). 

 It has been found in Chesapeake Bay (Pettibone, 1954). 



Material examined. — Numerous specimens from Labrador, Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence to off Delaware and Chesapeake Bay, intertidal to 

 705 fathoms. 



Distribution. — Widely distributed in the Arctic. Also Iceland, 

 Faroes, Norway to Mediterranean and Adriatic, Hudson Bay to 

 Chesapeake Bay, Bering Sea to southern California, north Japan Sea, 

 South Africa. In low water to 1,000 fathoms. 



Harmothoe {Eunoe) spinulosa (Verril!, 1879) 



Figure 9,e, f 



Eunoa spinulosa Verrill, 1879, p. 169. 



Polynoe (Eunoa) spinulosa Verrill, 1881, pi. 7, fig. 6. 



Eunoe spinulosa Hartman, 1942b, p. 24, figs. 19-22. 



Description. — Length up to 43 mm., width including setae up to 

 16 mm., segments 46-49. Prostomium with distinct cephahc peaks. 

 Elytra large, light colored, with numerous microtubercles — short, 

 conical to elongate spinelike, with papillae scattered on surface and 

 near edge. Neurosetae with long spinous regions and short bare 

 hooked entire tips. 



