POLYCHAETE WORMS, PART 1 61 



Neurosetae bifurcated, spinous. Color, in life: pale yellow to pale 

 vermilion; red dorsal blood vessel. 



Biology. — In parts of its range, found under stones, in tide pools in 

 the shelly sand. Dredged on bottoms of shelly sand, sand and pebbles, 

 mud and gravel. Rolls in a spiral when disturbed. 



Material examined. — ^North Atlantic off Chesapeake Bay (Alba- 

 tross Station 2265, 37°07' N., 74°35' W., 70 fathoms, mud and gravel, 

 1884; Albatross Station 2421, 37°07' N., 74°34' W., 64 fathoms, sand 

 and pebbles, 1885). 



Distribution.- — Norway, North Sea, English Channel, Medi- 

 terranean, North Atlantic off Chesapeake Bay, Japan. Low water 

 to 70 fathoms. 



Genus Paramphinome (M. Sars, MS.) G. O. Sars, 1872 



Type (monotypy): Paramjjhinome pulchella (M. Sars, ms.) G. O. 

 Sars, 1872. Contains only one New England species. 



Paramphinome pulchella (M. Sars) G. O. Sars, 1872 



Figure 13,f,g 



Paramphinome pulchella G. O. Sars, 1872, p. 45, pi. 4, figs. 19-35. — Mcintosh, 

 1900, p. 222, fig. 15.— Wesenberg-Lund, 1951, p. 23.— Eliason, 1962, p. 230. 



Description. — Length up to 15 mm., width up to 1.5 mm., segments 

 24-42. Prostomium suboval, with a convex oval area with the median 

 antenna in the center and extending posteriorly on the first segment 

 (this posterior extension is considered to be a very primitive type of 

 caruncle), with a semilunar buccal cushion anteriorly bearing the 

 paired lateral antennae and palps; the 5 prostomial appendages are 

 short, cylindrical, and subequal; without eyes. Ventral mouth sur- 

 rounded by large rounded prostomial buccal cushion and first 2 

 setigers. Proboscis eversible, sac-like. Anus terminal, with median 

 oval lobe. 



Branchiae wide, fanlike, placed transversely, branched dicotymously 

 2-4 times, beginning on setiger 4 (or 3) and continuing on 4 to 12 

 segments, leaving the greater part of the body without branchiae. 

 Dorsal cirri longer on first and last few setigers, others much shorter; 

 ventral cirri longer on first setiger, rest short. Notopodia of first 

 setiger each with a strong hook projecting forward. Rest of noto- 

 setae fine capillary and thornlike. Neurosetae fine, capillary, with 

 or without short spurs; few are shorter, strongly serrated, with strong 

 basal spur. Color in life: white, transparent. 



Biology.— Dredged on bottoms of soft mud, silt, very fine to coarse 

 sand and clay. Found in sponge (Florida) and in the stomach of 

 haddock (Georges Bank, June 1954, R. Wigley). When irritated, rolls 



