68 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 22 7 



Dotosetae in somewhat irregular double rows in each notopodium. 

 Notosetae mostly spinelike, with entire pointed tips ; few with terminal 

 bifid tips; some more slender with tips entire or bifid. Nem-opodia 

 cylindrical, flexible, with a prominent digitiform parapodial extension 

 posterior to the hooked neurosetae, referred to as a parapodial cirrus. 

 Neuropodia each with usually a single, stout, compound, strongly 

 hooked neuroseta; distal end of setal shaft diagonal, sometimes slightly 

 crenulate on the inner hooked side. Color: lemon yellow, resembling 

 the sponges with which they are found. 



Biology. — Dredged on bottoms of gravel, rocks with mud and coral. 

 They are associated with sponges, which they resemble in coloration. 

 They are adapted to clinging tightly to the sponges. 



Material examined. — Off Newfoundland, Gulf of St. Lawrence 

 (south of Anticosti Island), Nova Scotia, Maine, New Hampshire, 

 Massachusetts (off Cape Cod), in 23 to 120 fathoms. 



Distribution. — West Greenland, Iceland, Faroes, Norway to 

 English Channel, Canadian Arctic (Fox Basin) to Massachusetts (off 

 Cape Cod), north Japan Sea. In 10 to 614 fathoms. 



Family Phyllodocidae 



Body usually elongated, vermiform, slender, with numerous seg- 

 ments. Prostomium well developed, subcorneal, suboval or cordiform, 

 usually provided with 2 eyes (0-4), with 4 frontal antennae, with or 

 without an odd median antenna, without palps. Anterior segments 

 1-3 modified, with 2-4 pau's of tentacular cirri. Parapodia uniramous 

 (exceptionally subbiramous) ; setae compound (may be some additional 

 simple setae), mth terminal blades tapering to fine tips (compound 

 spinigers, fig. 18c). Dorsal and ventral cirri flattened, enlarged, 

 leaflike or more or less globular; dorsal cirri may be large, imbricated, 

 more or less covering the dorsum (may resemble polynoids in this 

 regard, fig. 176). Two anal cirri. Proboscis eversible, powerful, 

 with terminal papillae; surface smooth or with soft papillae; without 

 jaws (may have some internal jaws in proboscis). 



Carnivorous. Very active, moving about freely over surface and 

 swimming; mucus secreted in quantities. Many lay their eggs in 

 gelatinous masses, color of the eggs characteristically green. The 

 larvae ma}" have a long pelagic existence. 



Key to the New England Genera of Phyllodocidae 



1. Tentacular cirri 2 pairs, short, on first achaetous segment (fig. 16a). Prosto- 

 mium subtriangular, widest basally, anterior part rounded, with four frontal 



antennae Eteone (p. 69) 



Tentacular cirri 3 pairs, on first 2 segments (fig. 17c). Prostomium suboval, 

 with 4 frontal antennae, without nuchal tubercle .... Mystides (p. 74) 



