152 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 22 7 



numerous (4-8) heterogomph falcigers (fig. 41e). Dorsal cirri short, 

 conical, extending only slightly beyond the tips of the neuropodia; 

 ventral cirri short, conical. Anal cirri short, conical (fig. 41c). 



Proboscis without paragnaths, with a pair of amber-colored jaws, 

 each with about 8 teeth (6-8). Color, in life: white to slightly 

 yellowish to yellowish green, with prominent red dorsal and ventral 

 blood vessels; setae and acicula dark; also dark jaws show tlirough; 

 in alcohol: colorless. 



Biology. — A very active worm, coiling up tightly like a spring, in 

 this respect similar to Glycera and Arabella (fig. 41a). They are found 

 high intertidally, crawling under larger rocks overlaying coarse 

 gravelly sand, along with pseudoscorpions, oligochaetes, amphipods, 

 etc. In Japan, it was found in the littoral zone near the high tide 

 mark under decaying sea weeds, with the marine oligochaete Pachy- 

 drilus japonicus Yamaguchi. Judging from its habitat, it would be 

 expected to be euryhaline. It may be found in brackish areas. It is 

 a primitive aberrant nereid, perhaps a representative of a relic fauna. 

 Other members of the genus are found in tropical regions, some are 

 estuarine, some are found in fresh water. It is probably hermaph- 

 roditic as are other members of the genus; some contain very large 

 oval eggs. 



Material examined. — Massachusetts (Woods Hole region, Gan- 

 sett. Juniper Point, Little Harbor, Eel Pond, R. Bond and R. Howard, 

 collectors). 



Distribution. — Massachusetts ("Woods Hole region), Virginia 

 (Norfolk), West Indies, Brazil, Black Sea, Mediterranean, central 

 California, eastern Mexico (Vera Cruz), north Japan. In littoral 

 zone near high tide mark and in estuaries. 



Genus Ceratocephale Malmgren, 1867 



Chaunorhynchus Chamberlin, 1919, new name for Ceratocephale Malmgren (thought 

 to be preoccupied). — Not Ceratocephala Warder (1838, Crustacea). 



Type (monotypy): Ceratocephale loveni Malmgren, 1867. Contains 

 only one New England species. 



Ceratocephale loveni Malmgren, 1867 



Figure 42,a,6 



Ceratocephale lovini Malmgren, 1867, p. 61, pi. 5, fig. 33. — Heinen, 1911, p. 62, 



pi. 1, figs. 11-15. 

 Ceratocephale websteri Verrill, 1879, p. 172. 

 Ceratocephala near loveni Mcintosh, 1902, p. 258, pi. 6. 

 Chaunorhynchus loveni Hartman, 1942b, p. 49, figs. 83-84. 

 Ceratocephala loveni Wesenberg-Lund, 1951, p. 39. — Uschakov, 1958a, p. 82, fig. 3. — 



Eliason, 1962, p 252. 



Description. — Length more than 25 mm. (none complete), width 

 up to 7 mm. Body elongate, widest about setigers 3-7, tapering 



