POLYCHAETE WORMS, PART 1 219 



with biramoiis parapodia and rami well separated (fig. 56,c j) ; and 

 with or without an intermediate transitional region in which the 

 notopodia develop gradually. Segments uniannulate. Prostomium 

 (figs. 56,a,h; 58,a,b) long, conical, transversely annulated. The small 

 distal ring with 4 small, usually biarticulated antennae; basal ring 

 wider (peristomium fused with prostomium), with a pair of nuchal 

 organs. With or without paired minute eyes in basal ring and distal 

 or subdistal ring. Basal ring of prostomium, peristomium, and first 

 few setigerous segments more or less fused and involved in mouth 

 ventrall}'. 



Parapodia of first segment rudimentary or smaller than following. 

 Uniramous parapodia with ncuropodial presetal and postsetal lobes, 

 with well developed conical to ligulate dorsal and ventral cirri. 

 Biramous parapodia with smaller conical notopodium. Notosetae 

 simple, numerous and hairlike or few and acicular. Neurosetae com- 

 pound spinigers (fig. 560 and sometimes also compound falcigers. 

 Branchiae absent. 



Proboscis eversible, extremely long, cylindrical. When fully ex- 

 tended, distal end with a circlet of soft papillae within which are a 

 circlet of numerous, dark, hard, chitinous paragnaths including a 

 pair of larger jaws or macrognaths with a varying number of acute, 

 clawlike teeth and H- or Y-shaped micrognaths arranged in a dorsal 

 and ventral arc (fig. 58d). With or without additional dark horny 

 V-shaped jaw pieces arranged bilaterally on the basal part of the pro- 

 boscis, the so-called chevrons (fig. 58c). The surface of the proboscis 

 more or less covered with small papillae, or proboscideal organs, 

 fleshy or horny, yellow or colorless, minute, scalelike, and similar to 

 larger, spinelike, and heterogeneous (fig. 56A; for detailed study of pro- 

 boscideal organs, see Hartman, 1950). 



When sexually mature, they may become modified to an epitokous 

 swimming form. There is no change in the anterior uniramous region 

 and the proboscis remains intact (thus differs from the glycerids). 

 In the posterior region where the sex products are found, the parapodial 

 lobes become more elongate and additional, much longer simple 

 setae are crowded among the compound neurosetae. The intestine 

 is broken down posteriorly (St0p-Bowitz, 1941). They are mostly 

 subintertidal, burrowing in the mud or soft bottom. They are active 

 and predaceous. 



Key to the New England Genera of Goniadidae 



1. Neuropodial presetal lobes simple (fig. 5G,b,c,i,j) 2 



Ncuropodial presetal lobes bilobed (may be simple on some anterior segments, 

 fig. 58/) 3 



569-457—63 15 



