162 BULLETIN 76, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



heavier, distinctly spatulate jaws with two or three interlocking claws. The adam- 

 bulacrnl pedicellariae attached by fleshy peduncles to the furrow face of the plates are 

 lanceolate, without teeth, except incipiently, on the adoral carina. In life the pedun- 

 cles are probably capable of considerable extension. 



Madreporic body 3 mm. in diameter, with pores rather than striae, and situated 

 a little nearer to interbrachial angle than midway of r. 



Gonads small, opening in interbrachial angle above the superomarginal plates. 

 Ampullae single, pyriform, but somewhat two lobed when contracted. 



Type — Cat, No. E 1505, U.S.N.M. 



Type locality. — Station 2847, vicinity of Shumagin Islands (55° 01' N., 160° 

 12' W.), 48 fathoms, line gray sand, bottom temperature 42° F.; one specimen. 



Remarks. — This species resembles a large, sparsely spined Stephanasterias alhda 

 with two instead of three inferomarginal spines, one instead of three or four supero- 

 marginal spines, and two instead of three adambulacral spines. The abactinal 

 spinelets of Stephanasterias are in little groups which tend to form transverse rows, 

 in large specimens especially. Most North Atlantic examples of Stephanasterias 

 albula are quite small, but I have a specimen from 91 fathoms, Bering Sea (station 

 3548) in which the longest rays are 58 mm. The large straight pedicellariae of 

 Stephanasterias have more numerous teeth and are of different form. 



Genus PISASTER Miiller and Troschel 



Asterias (part) Brandt, Prodromus, 1S35, and authors. 



Pisasti-r Mri.LER and Troschel, Archiv f. Naturgesch. 6 Jahrg, vol. 1, 1840, p. 367; System 

 der Asteriden, 1842, p. 20. Type, Asteraeanthion margaritifer Miiller and Troschel 

 ( = Asterias ochracea Brandt). — A. Agassiz, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 5, 1877, p. 

 96 (citation). — Fisher, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 52, 1908, p. 89; Zool. Anz., vol. 

 33, 1908, p. 358.— Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 28, 1909, p. 63; Shallow-water 

 Starfishes, etc., 1914, p. 67.— Fisher, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 17, 1926, p. 556. 



Asteraeanthion (part) Muller and Troschel, System der Asteriden, 1842, p. 20. 



Calliasterias Fewkes, Bull. Essex Inst., vol. 21, 1889, p. 33. Type, Asterias exquisita de 

 Loriol ( = Pisaster giganteus young) . 



Diagnosis. — Large, heavy-ossicled, monacanthid Asteriinae having an irregularly 

 articulate abactinal skeleton; few to numerous short subcapitate abactinal spines; 

 two to five longiseries of spiniferous actinal plates; a small, deeply sunken actino- 

 stome; long, upcurved adoral carina; extremely compressed ambulacral ossicles; 

 unique furcate straight pedicellariae, each jaw of which ends in one long and one 

 short hyaline blade; no pedicellariae on adambulacral spines; gonads opening 

 dorsally. 



Description. — Abactinal skeleton irregularly reticulate; the carinals and mar- 

 ginals at fust four lobed; one or more intermarginal ossicles; in old specimens second- 

 ary ossicles are developed between consecutive inferomarginal and actinal plates as 

 well as between the plates of the transverse series; normally two inferomarginal and 

 one actinal spine to a plate, each with a thick pad of crossed pedicellariae on outer 

 side; abactinal spines variable, but uniformly short, subcorneal to subglobose, the 

 more or less specialized distal portion longitudinally scored; in old specimens there 

 may be more than five longiseries of actinal plates, and the skeleton is strengthened 

 by the addition of new ossicles on the coelomic side. Actinostome small, deeply 

 sunken, the adoral carina composed of upward of 15 pairs of contiguous adani- 



