230 BULLETIN 76, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



impression on Perrier's mind, because he readily abandons it on page 160 of the Cape 

 H ( , ni paper, in a comment on Sladen's recently published subdivisions of Asterias. 

 Here he merges his Diplasterias with Sladen's Asterias. 



On the same page (1891, p. 160) he unfortunately introduces Podasterias for the 

 Asterias sulci fan group, stating that Cosmasterias has priority for this generic divi- 

 sion. This is the first occurrence of Podasterias in literature. But in 1S94, 41 disre- 

 garding his Podasterias of 1891, he introduced a quite different Podasterias for species 

 near A. liitkeni. This is precisely synonymous with his Diplasterias of 1891, and is 

 the Podasterias used by Vcrrill, Koeliler after 1917, and Fisher, 1923. Podasterias of 

 1891 must obviously be discarded for Cosmasterias, while that of 1894 had no status 

 when proposed, being a homonym of the first, as well as a synonym of Diplasterias. 



Disregarding his Diplasterias of 1891, Perrier in 1894 4I employs Diplasterias in 

 a diil'erent sense, namely for Asterias Linnaeus. In this paper the Asteriidae lack a 

 genus Asterias. 



In 1896 42 Podasterias is preserved for Diplasterias lutkeni, Asterias is reinstated, 

 and Diplasterias discarded entirety. 



Ludwig in 1903 43 used Diplasterias in the sense in which I advocate employing 

 it. Meissner in 1904 44 employed the name for Cosmasterias plus Diplasterias. 

 Koehler in 1906, 1908, and 1912, used Diplasterias to include Cryptasterias Verrill, 

 1914. In 1917 and subsequent papers Koehler adopted Podasterias with the limits 

 I have assigned to Diplasterias. In 1914 Verrill 45 used Podasterias for Diplasterias 

 but erroneously assigned Asterias brandti Bell, A. alba, Bell, A. neglecta Bell, and A. 

 obtusispinosa Bell to Cosmasterias, the last three as possible synonyms of C. lurida 

 (Philippi). 



Dr. R. Koehler has contributed two species to this genus and valuable notes and 

 figures of others in his beautifully illustrated reports on Antarctic sea stars 46 wherein 

 the evolution of our knowledge of the group may be traced. 



Subgenus Diplasterias ss. 



Diagnosis. — Actinal plates in one or two longiseries; actinal spines in one or two 

 longiseries, armed with clusters of pedicellariae; adoral carina composed of from one 

 tn three pairs of contiguous adambulacrals. 



1. DIPLASTERIAS BRANDTI (Bell). 



Asterias brandti Bell,Pi-oc. Zool. Soc, 1881, p. 91, pi. 9. 



Asterias neglecta Bell, Proc. Zool. Soc. ,1881, p. 94. pi. 9. 



Asterias alba Bell, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1881, pp. 92, 506. 



Asterias obtusispinosa Bell, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1881, pp. 92, 93. 



Asterias belli Studer, Abh. Akad. Berlin, 1884, pp. 12, 13, pi. 1. 



Asterias glomerata Sladen, Challenger Asteroidea, 1889, p. 571, pi. 105. 



Diplasterias loveni Perrier, Miss. sci. Cap Horn ,1891, p. 80. 



Diplasterias lutkeni Perrier, Miss. sci. Cap Horn, 1891, p. 81. — Ludwig, 1903, p. 41. 



" Eipfcd. TravaUleuret Talisman, pp. 107, lo* (key). 

 " Kfeultats camp. sci. Prince de Monaco, lasc. 11, 1890, pp. 34, 35. 

 *» Expedition Anarctique Beige, Beesteroe, p. 41. 

 " Hamburger Maualhaensische Saminelreise, Asteroideen, pp. 6-9. 

 •• Shallow-water starfishes, p. 361. 



« See Koehler, vm, p. 572 (Diplasterias); 1912, pp. 12 et seq. (Diplasterias); 1917, pp. 20-29 (Podasterias); 1920, pp. 35-51 (Podas- 

 terias); 1923, pp. 27-35 (Podasterias). 



