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UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 2 24 



Genus Aireina Frey 



Figubes 15, 415, S28, 837, 1578, 1662 



Aireina Frey, Rev. Suisse Zool. vol. 41, p. 311, 1934. Type of 

 genus : Aireina paradoxa Frey, 1934, by original designation. 



Species with the typical appearance of Damalis Fa- 

 bricius, but with somewhat different wing and especially 

 characterized by the grotesque anterodorsal develop- 

 ment of the mesonotum. There is a conspicuous vertical 

 postocellar prominence and dorsal lateral flanges on the 

 occiput, besides the attenuation and diminution of all of 

 the segments of the middle tarsi. Length 15 mm., wing 

 15 mm. 



Head, lateral aspect: In profile the face is only 

 slightly visible, the antenna is set in a deep transverse 

 depression, the middle of the face is flattened; it is 

 everywhere pubescent and without pile, except for a few 

 fine, short, scattered hairs. Along the epistomal margin 

 the mystax consists of four long, moderately stout 

 bristles set in two pairs along each side. Proboscis 

 rather wide and subcylindrical at the base, but compara- 

 tively short, tapering to an obtuse point below, with a 

 thin medial blade above. The upper margin of the pro- 

 boscis is strongly arched, the apex pilose, the middle of 

 the ventral margin with a pair of long bristles, the di- 

 rection straight downward. The palpus is small, cylin- 

 drical, the basal segment quite short, the apex with 

 numerous long bristles. 



Head, anterior aspect : The face is only one-fifth the 

 total width of the head yet appears to be comparatively 

 wide because the head is quite wide and very short, 

 with the eyes strongly flattened anteriorly and the cen- 

 tral facets greatly enlarged. Ocelli large, set ante- 

 riorly on the anterior vertex; above and behind the 

 ocelli is a large, conspicuous, dorsal prominence wider 

 than high and set off from the vertex by a deep con- 

 striction. The occiput has moderately long, rather fine 

 pile, and on each side sublaterally on the upper por- 

 tion, the occiput is developed into a conspicuous, shin- 

 ing, flangelike projection, narrow but with rounded 

 edge, which is produced upward and backward. An- 

 tenna with the first segment extremely short; the sec- 

 ond segment is scarcely longer but subglobular; the 

 third is reduced to a minute globule followed by a very 

 long, slender, setate style, as is characteristic of Da- 

 malis Fabricius. 



Thorax : The anterior portion of the mesonotum, as 

 well as the whole middle portion, is raised into an enor- 

 mous, swollen body fully as high or as long vertically 

 as the remaining portion of the thorax below it. Ante- 

 riorly the mesonotum is directed forward and over- 

 hangs the occiput and forms a structure with 4 small 

 lobes, each directed anteriorly and surrounding a fifth 

 central lobe. The dorsal pair of lobes are divergent 

 and proceed backward to form a wide, medial ridge. 

 The mesonotum beyond its middle falls away sharply 

 in a deep, convex arch to the scutellum. Scutellum 

 convex with an impressed rim, and has discal pubes- 

 cence and scattered, appressed pile; margin without 



pile, pubescence, or bristles. Anteriorly on each side 

 of the anterodorsal projection there is an oblique band 

 of dense, curled pile. Posterior margin of humerus 

 with 4 or 5 short, stout bristles. Behind this band of 

 pile is a deep, vertical recess. There are no conspicu- 

 ous bristles in the notopleural region or above the wing, 

 but there is a patch of stiff setae anteriorly on the post- 

 alar area. The medial dorsal portion of the mesonotal 

 prominence is bare, but has pile laterally. Mesopleu- 

 ron with a few, minute hairs; hypopleuron with long 

 and short pubescence; metapleuron with a broad patch 

 of long, slender pile ; slopes of the metanotum without 

 pile. 



Legs: The hind feinur stout, with 5 tuberculate, 

 stout, spinous bristles below. The hind tibia is mod- 

 erately stout, arched inward towards the apex and with 

 only fine, bristly pile. Middle femur shorter but 

 stouter than the hind femur, below with long, fine 

 bristly hair which is continued upon its tibia; middle 

 tibia with a dorsal preapical callosity bearing 4 or 5 

 close-set, stout, black spinous bristles. Middle tarsi 

 greatly thinned and diminished in size but the length 

 approximately normal. Anterior femur with fine, 

 bristly pile below, continued on to the tibia. 



Wings : The ambient vein extends to the end of the 

 anal vein. 



Abdomen : The abdomen is flattened and only gently 

 convex, a little wider than the scutellum on the basal 

 segment, becoming nearly twice as wide as the scutel- 

 lum at the end of the second segment. Beyond the 

 second segment the remaining segments are drooping 

 and turned downward; the pile is abundant and ex- 

 tremely short, but longer on the lateral margins and 

 everywhere fine and not bristly. Male terminalia short 

 and inconspicuous with a single unpaired process medi- 

 ally and below, on each side of which are two stout 

 bristles. 



Distribution: Oriental: Aireina paradoxa Frey 

 (1934), from IndoMalayan subregion. 



Genus Discodamalis Karsch 



Discodamalis Karsch, Berliner Ent. Zeitsehr., vol. 31, p. 373, 

 1S87. Type of genus : Discodamalis dcoilis Karsch, 1887, by 

 original designation. 



The following is Karseh's description in translation : 



Uniformly black, with only the base of all tibiae yellow and 

 the yellow color extends beyond the middle. Mystax whitish 

 and all the bristles whitish. Eye facets not uniform. Wings 

 moderately small and of a dull gray color. At the wing margin 

 (Der Mundung) the third posterior cell is widened and the 

 fourth posterior cell is narrowed. Crossvein quite at the 

 middle of the discal cell. Body length 7 mm. Note: Since 

 these species show the wing venation of the genus Damalis, 

 with the longitudinal vein of the fourth posterior cell arising 

 immediately from the discal cell, and also have the antennae 

 constructed as in Discocephala? I have selected for them the 

 name Discodamalis, and submit the following chief characters: 

 Head quite thick, transverse, low ; ocellar tubercle low : 

 proboscis straight ; antenna! style shorter than the third anten- 



' Discocephala Is equivalent to Holcocephala Jaennlcke of present day 

 usage. 



