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UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 224 



or reduced to hairs. Postfemur with ventrolateral and 

 also a lateral row of bristles, an apical circlet of 4 

 medial bristles, and a double row of larger ventral 

 bristles, longest basally. Hind tibia with ventrolateral, 

 dorsolateral, and dorsomedial row of bristles. Middle 

 tibia with 6 rows of bristles; this tibia ends in a short 

 lappet anteriorly and posteriorly. Anterior femur 

 with long, abundant pile, and a lateral, distal row of 

 4 bristles besides the ventral setae. Anterior tibia with 

 ventral, lateral, and double dorsal row of bristles, be- 

 sides the black spinous setae; apex of tibia without 

 spine. Tarsi end in fine empodium and well developed 

 pulvilli. 



Wings: The marginal cell is widely open. Fourth 

 posterior cell closed and stalked. Anal cell open. The 

 anterior crossvein enters the discal cell before the 

 middle. Alula present; ambient vein complete. 



Abdomen: The abdomen tends to be cylindrical, or 

 a little flattened across the middle of the tergites and 

 slightly tapered. The pile is fine, scanty, subappressed, 

 and sometimes longer on the lateral margins. Sides of 

 first tergite with only long, stiff, bristly hairs. Males 

 with eight tergites but the eighth is quite short and lip- 

 like. Females with eight tergites, with the eighth half 

 as long as the seventh and shorter laterally. Male ter- 

 minalia not rotate, prominent and sometimes exag- 

 gerated as in Gonioscelis genitalis. The epandrium is 

 fully cleft into elongate, slightly divergent superior 

 forceps which tend to form simple lobes, unmodified, 

 except that some species bear tufts of stout, back- 

 wardly directed bristles at the apex of each lobe. The 

 hypandrium is especially long and prominent, rather 

 bowllike with convex margins and directed obliquely 

 upward; the small, short gonopod is tucked in laterally 

 above the hypandrium. Females with acanthophorites 

 and 6 pairs of long spines. 



Distribution: Ethiopian: Gonioscelis calopus Bigot 

 (1878); femoralw Ricardo (1925); genitalis Ricardo 

 (1925) ; haemorrhous Schiner (1867) ; hispidu-s Wiede- 

 mann (1819) ; lacertosus Engel (1925) ; longulus 

 Ricardo (1925) ; maculipennis Engel (1925) ; macu- 

 liventris Bigot (1878); mantis Loew (1852); me- 

 lanocephalus Schiner (1867) ; nigripennis Ricardo 

 (1925) ; oculatus Engel (1925) ; phacopterus Schiner 

 (1867) ; pruinosus Ricardo (1925) ; punctipennis Engel 

 (1925) ; rufescens Ricardo (1925) ; setosus Wiedemann 

 (1824); submaculatus Speiser (1910); centralis Schi- 

 ner (1867) ; xanthopogon Speiser (1910). 



Genus Macrocolus Engel 



Figures 125, 477, 900, 909, 1702, 1847 



Macrocolus Engel, Konowia, vol. 8, p. 471, 1930. Type of 

 genus: Macrocolus bicolor Engel, 1930, by original desig- 

 nation. 



Comparatively delicate flies with broad, dark brown 

 wings, greatly reduced pile, the hind legs lengthened 

 and the antenna characteristically elongate. The an- 



tenna is not only unusually long but attached near the 

 top of the head. The face is without pile, bristles are 

 restricted to the epistomal border, the general black 

 coloration contrasts with the light reddish, thoracic 

 color. These flies greatly resemble the bicolored pat- 

 tern found in such bibionids as Plecia Wiedemann. 

 The relationship of the genus is uncertain ; perhaps re- 

 lated to Mirolestes Curran. Length, including the 

 antenna, 14 mm. 



Head, lateral aspect : The head is short, the face like- 

 wise. The face is almost plane in profile, nearly even 

 with the eye through the middle; its most conspicuous 

 area lies above the epistoma and is chiefly due to the 

 slight anteroventral recession of the eye. The antenna 

 is attached on a level equal to the vertex; as a result 

 the face is unusually high and the frontofacial area 

 upon which the antenna rests is somewhat prominent. 

 The occiput is not prominent, except below the middle 

 and medially, where it is a little swollen; it is almost 

 without pile, since even the lower elements are fine and 

 bristly and there are moderately stout bristles begin- 

 ning near the bottom and continuing to near the vertex. 

 The proboscis is rather slender, distinctly extended 

 beyond the face. It is only slightly tapered to a blunt 

 apex. There is a rather high medial carina over the 

 greater middle portion. It carries almost no pile apic- 

 ally and a few long, slender hairs ventrally at the base. 

 Palpus clearly of two segments, the first segment ex- 

 cavated, the second porate, each carrying slender 

 bristles. The antenna is two or more times the head 

 length, the elongate first segment is 2y 2 to 3 times as 

 long as the second segment and both bear numerous, 

 fine bristles laterally, ventrally and dorsoapically. The 

 still more elongate third segment is thin and flattened, 

 sometimes a little twisted, at least V/% times the com- 

 bined length of the first two segments, is without micro- 

 segment but carries a large, dorsal, spoon-shaped, 

 elongate opening at the apex, with concealed spine. 



Head, anterior aspect : The head is not wide, but dis- 

 tinctly wider than high. Face in the middle about one- 

 fourth the head width, slightly wider below and the 

 front and vertex barely wider than the upper face. 

 The face is without pile, but densely micropubescent 

 except below the antenna. Bristles are restricted to the 

 epistomal margin, where there are 6 pairs and some- 

 times a few additional more slender bristles. Front 

 short, horizontal, bare, with 1 or 2 setae on each eye 

 margin. Vertex but little excavated. Ocellarium low, 

 yet with vertical sides, without interocellar bristles or 

 pile, but with 3 or 4 pairs of short postocellar bristles 

 curled forward. Anterior eye facets scarcely enlarged. 



Thorax: The mesonotum is comparatively low, but 

 rather strongly sloping posteriorly in front of the 

 scutellum. Pile is unusually reduced in quantity on the 

 mesonotum and still more on the pleuron. There is a 

 distinct row of short acrostical and dorsocentml 

 bristles, the latter becoming fine but rather short pos- 

 teriorly. Humerus pilose. Lateral margins with fine, 



