288 



UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 224 



than in front. Humerus with rather sharp, lateral 

 corners and pilose anteriorly. Mesonotal bristles are 

 present as follows : 2 short, stout notopleural, 1 supra- 

 alar, 1 postalar. Scutellum with only stiff short setae 

 upon the margin and 3 or 4 minute setae on the disc on 

 either side. Propleuron with abundant, long pile be- 

 low ; pronotum with 2 pairs of stout bristles and some 

 pile. Hypopleuron, pteropleuron, and all of the meso- 

 pleuron except the anterior prolongation without pile. 

 Hypopleuron with a patch spot, metapleuron with 12 to 

 15 delicate hairs only. Metanotal slopes bullose, pubes- 

 cent laterally, without pile; metasternal slopes and 

 metasternum ventrally with a few long hairs; post- 

 metacoxal area membranous; tegula pubescent only. 



Legs : The legs are distinctly elongate, polished, with 

 very scanty pile and reduced pale bristles, not thickened 

 except that the hind femur is slightly dilated distally. 

 This femur bears minute, appressed setae and 4 rather 

 stout, short, lateral, tuberculate bristles, none at apex ; 

 there is no fringe and almost no pile beneath the hind 

 femur. Its tibia is stout, especially towards the apex, 

 and basally only about half as wide. It bears 4 or 5 

 short, dorsal, 4 slightly longer lateral and 2 ventral 

 bristles, all stout and oblique. On the medial surface 

 is a brush of erect or nearly erect, dense pile extending 

 from the middle. The apex of the hind tibia has 1 

 dorsal, 2 medial, 2 lateral, and 3 ventral bristles. 

 Middle femur with 1 anterior near the middle and 3 

 posterior bristles; this tibia has 4 dorsal, 4 anterodorsal, 

 6 posterior, and 3 rather longer ventral bristles. The 

 apical circlet has 8 bristles. Anterior femur with 1 

 posteroapical, 1 anterior bristle in the middle; its tibia 

 has 3 anterodorsal, 3 posterodorsal, 5 anterior, and 2 

 ventral elements. Apex with a weak, straight, ventral 

 spine and basitarsus with microdenticles. Tarsi end 

 in well developed pulvilli; basally stout empodium, 

 two-thirds as long as claw; and sharp claws. 



Wings : The wings are slender, subhyaline, the mar- 

 ginal cell widely open; anterior branch of third vein 

 ends at apex ; fourth posterior cell widely open, slightly 

 narrowed; the discal cell ends in a single vein. The 

 first posterior cell has a basal stalk of varying extent; 

 anal cell widely open ; second basal cell ending with 3 

 veins : alula large, the ambient vein complete. 



Abdomen : The abdomen is strongly constricted, lat- 

 erally compressed to subcylindrical on the posterior 

 part of the second segment and the base of the third seg- 

 ment. The posterior part of the abdomen is banded 

 and clavate and drooping. Sides of first tergite not 

 swollen. In the males eight tergites present, witli the 

 eighth very short, a third as long as the seventh and the 

 seventh not more than one-third as long as the sixth. 

 Eight tergites well developed in the female, the eighth 

 two-thirds as long as the seventh. Pile of abdomen 

 minute, appressed, setate, a few long, fine hairs on the 

 sides of the first tergite ; sternites with some long, fine 

 pile, the first excepted. Second tergite with 2 quite 

 short, but stout, tuberculate bristles. Male terminalia 

 elongate, rotate to the right, the aedeagus unusually 

 long and stout, curved downward from the base and 



then directed posteriorward. It is unusually large and 

 elongate, apically flared. Epandrium undivided. 

 Female with a row of 9 pairs of short, spoon-shaped 

 spines on the acanthophorites ; the lateral process bears 

 4 spinous bristles. 



Distribution: Australian: Erythropogonaustralis G. 

 Hardy (1930) ; ichnewnoniformis White (1914). 



Genus Brachyrrhopala Macquart 



Figures 67, 133, 144, 161, 161a, 173, 581, 1110, 1119, 1158, 1167, 

 1579, 1611, 1727, 1734, 1736, 1764, 1865, 1897, 1899, 1933, 1939, 

 2000, 2032 



Brachyrrhopala Macquart, Dipteres exotiques, suppl. 2, p. 35, 

 1847. Type of genus : Brachyrrhopala ruficornis Macquart, 

 1847, by monotypy. 



Small flies generally with club-shaped abdomen, the 

 last several segments being distinctly widened. Wings 

 slender, often with some diffuse, brown pattern and all 

 cells open ; the upper intercalary vein sometimes com- 

 pletely eliminated. Thorax tends to be short and high, 

 almost as high as long ; the mesonotum, in consequence 

 appears hump-backed, accentuated by its own convexity 

 and the metanotum is high with the abdomen drooping. 

 The front legs are comparatively long, the protibial 

 apex with a spine. Third antennal segment elongate, 

 widened distally, except at the narrowed apex, which 

 bears a microscopic, dorsal spine. Face short, plane 

 or barely convex with a few hairs and weak bristles 

 usually concentrated on the lower half. Both male 

 and female terminalia tend to be largely recessed; the 

 former are rotate, with prominent, exposed aedeagus 

 as in Chrysopogon Boeder; the latter have minute, 

 scarcely visible acanthophorite spines. Length 8 to 

 15 mm. 



Head, lateral aspect: The head is rather small, of 

 medium length, the face is not very high and is little 

 extended beyond the eye margin and extended to a 

 uniform extent; it is therefore gently convex. The 

 epistoma is also small. Occiput in profile quite reduced 

 and bearing a few, fine, scanty hairs below and slender 

 bristles that start well below the middle of the head 

 and become stout or even spikelike behind the upper 

 eye corners. Only 1 or 2 smaller bristles extend across 

 behind the vertex. Proboscis rather short and strongl}' 

 compressed laterally; it is nearly plane below with a 

 high, thin, dorsal ridge and near the apex dorsally 

 sloping to a blunt point. Apex with fine hairs above 

 and below. Ventral surface with 2 or 3 hairs in the 

 middle and 2 or 3 hairs laterally near the base. Pro- 

 boscis directed obliquely downward or forward. Pal- 

 pus elongate, slender, clearly of two segments, the first 

 excavated, the second clavate with apical pore and 

 numerous, bristly hairs. The antenna is attached at 

 the upper third of the head and only moderately elon- 

 gate, perhaps not quite as long as the head. The first 

 two segments of nearly equal length, the first a little 

 longer and nearly two times as long as wide. First 

 segment with minute setae above and 1 or 2 lateral 



