FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJxVCENT SEAS 35 



Preopercle entire. Air bladder simple. Pyloric appendages about 

 20. Scales very small. Soft dorsal scaly. Dorsal fins 2, joined at 

 bases, spines 10 to 12 and recumbent one in front directed forward, 

 rays 16 to 19. Anal spines 4, rays 14 to 16. 



Indian Ocean and East Indies. 



Two species established and though greatly similiar in a general 

 way, their strongly marked color design has led us to consider them 

 as two subgeneric groups. The great variation in these forms has 

 led to many nominal species. 



ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES 



o'. ScATOPHAGUs. Bodv without vertical bands, always with dark spots, which 

 are very variable, large and moderate in number to small and very 

 numerous argus 



a^. Desmoprenes, new subgenus.^ TypeChaeiodontetracanthusljACitpEBE. Back 

 and sides above with dark vertical bands or stripes, below with dark 

 spots tetracanthus 



SCATOPHAGUS ARGUS (Linnaeus) 



Chaetodon argus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, vol. 1, 1768, p. 464. Indfa. — 

 Bloch, Naturg. Ausl. Fische, vol.3, 1787, p. 86, pi. 204, fig. 1 (East 

 Indies).— Gmelin, Syst. Nat. Linn., vol. 1, pt. 3, 1789, p. 1248 (India).— 

 Bloch, Naturg. Ausl. Fische, vol. 9, 1795, p. 100 (Tranquebar). — Wal- 

 BAUM, Arted. Pise, vol. 3, 1792, p. 409 (copied). — Forster, Fauna 

 Indica, 1795, p. 15.— Schneider, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 232 (East 

 Indies). — Lacepedb, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1802, pp. 455, 479 (Asia). 



Chetodon argus Bonnaterre, Tabl. Ichth., 1788, p. 86, pi. 94, fig. 386 (no 

 locality). 



Scafophagus argus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 7, 1831, p. 136 (Ganges 

 River, Malabar, Pondichery, Bengal). — Richardson, Ichth. China Japan, 

 1846, p. 245 (Canton).— Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, 1860, 

 p. 58 (Singapore, Amboina, Coram, Malacca, China, India). — Day, Fishes 

 of Malabar, 1865, p. 34. — Kner, Reise Novara, Fische, 1865, p. 106 (Sing- 

 apore, Java, Tahiti). — Peters, Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1868, 

 p. 257 (Pongoor, Singapore, Malacca, Quingoa River at Calurapit and 

 Bicol River, Luzon). — Schmeltz, Mus. Godeflfroy Cat., vol. 4, 1869, p. 

 15 (East Indies, Port Mackey, Rockhampton). — Day, Fishes of India, 

 pt. 1, 1875, p. 114, pi. 29, fig. 3. — Martens, Preuss. Exped. Ost- 

 Asien, 1876, p. 388 (Bangkok, Pontiak, Panuranan). — Castelnau, Proc. 

 Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 2, 1877, p. 234 (Brisbane River mouth, 

 Norman River entrance and Cardwell); vol. 3, 1878, p. 350 (Port Jack- 

 son). — Klunzinger, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 80, Heft 1, 1879, 

 p. 363 (Queensland and Port Darwin). — Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom. 

 Paris, vol. 5, ser. 7, 1881, p. 105 (Swatow). — Karoli, Termesz. Fiizetek, 

 Budapest, vol. 5, 1881, p. 156 (Sarangoon, Sadong Makang). — Meyer, 

 An. Soc. Espahola, Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. IS (Manado, 

 Celebes; Manila Bay and Cebu). — Day, Fauna Brit. India, vol. 2, 1889, 

 p. 18, fig. 6. — Elera, Cat. Fauna Filipin., vol. 1, 1895, p. 489 (Luzon, 

 Manila Bay, Nasubu, Cebu, Visagas). — Pellegrin, Bull. Soc. Zool. 

 France, vol. 30, 1905, p. 84 (Bale d'Along, Tonkin). — Sealb and Bean, 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, 1907, p. 246, fig. 8 (Zamboanga).— Seale, 



' Aeo-jnijband; Prenes. 



