286 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Hartlaub said that except for two specimens, representatives of the varieties 

 gracilis and diarft ma, the arms of alcoholic examples are never pure whito, but grayish 

 or brownish white; the division series and arm bases are often darker colored. 



According to Hartlaub, the best diagnostic feature of the species is the qualitative 

 as well as quantitative degree of development of the ornamentation. The ornamenta- 

 tion consists of tubercles, granules, teeth, or spines, or lips, or flanges, all appearing 

 in manifold forms and on various places on the ossicles. On the centrodorsal fine 

 ornamentation is found on the bare dorsal pole, between the cirri and also on their 

 first segments, and on the interradial processes. On the division series numerous varia- 

 tions in the occurrence of the ornamentation are to be seen. The ornamentation is 

 sometimes uniformly distributed over the surface of the ossicles, sometimes confined 

 to their borders, wliich are often crenulate or dentate, and sometimes confined to a 

 median ornament which may take the form of a ridge, a tubercle, or a row of tubercles. 

 The ornamentation of the arms is confined to the first 10-12 bracliials, usually begin- 

 ning with the third and reaching to the tenth, twelfth, fifteenth, or twentieth. The 

 remainder of the arms is smooth. For the most part the ornamentation of the arms 

 is confined to the distal edge of the brachials which may be swollen and thickened, 

 or simply raised and erect, or turned proximally or recurved into a kind of lip; some- 

 times this modification of the distal edge is smooth, sometimes ornamented — tubercular, 

 dentate, or spiny. The ornamontation of the distal edges of the bracliials appears 

 in numerous variations so that the differentiation of individual varieties is thereby 

 facilitated. 



Hartlaub said that on the basis of the relative richness of the ornamentation, and 

 taking into consideration the type of branching of the postradial series, it is possible 

 to recognize definite varieties. He remarked it is evident that in the arrangement of 

 these varieties other attributes and aspects are also significant; he supplemented his 

 descriptions of the individual varieties by careful description of these features. 



Among the specimens that Hartlaub assigned to brevipinna he distinguished three 

 varietal types on the basis of the main ornamentation — that is, on the basis of the size 

 and number of ornaments each characteristically showed. These three types were: 

 (1) Tuberosa type, characterized by tubercular, humplike, knobby, or ridgelike 

 ornamentation — that is, blunt ornamentation; (2) Spinosa type, characterized by spiny 

 or jagged ornamentation with pointed or sharp ends to the various processes; (3) 

 Granulosa type, represented only by a single variety characterized by granular, fiat, 

 and rounded prominences. Hartlaub said it should be noticed that the forms of the 

 Spinosa and Granulosa types may be considered as transitions to granulifera, which he 

 considered as specifically different from brevipinna; this point he discussod further 

 under the varieties concerned. 



Hartlaub undertook to present a survey of the varieties of brevipinna on the basis 

 of the ornamentation of the postradial series. But he pointed out that several of these 

 varieties were represented by a few specimens, or even by only a single one, so that 

 on the basis of the material available to him he was unable to say how constant they 

 are. He said that in this respect the best of all is var. insculpta (=decora), represented 

 by 7 specimens, wliich appeared to him to be rather well characterized. In any caso, 

 he said, it should be emphasized that the resolution of C. brevipinna into a series of 



